Tinospora cordifolia (Thunb.) Miers (Giloy) inhibits oral cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner by inducing apoptosis and attenuating epithelial-mesenchymal transition

Abstract

Background Tinospora cordifolia (Thunb.) Miers (Giloy) has been applied successfully as an anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and even as an anti-cancer agent. Yet, to date, the application of Giloy has not been explored concerning oral cancer. Objectives To assess the effect of T cordifolia (Thunb.) Miers (Giloy) extract (TcE) on an oral cancer cell line. Methods AW13516 (oral cancer cell line) cells were treated with the prepared aqueous extract of TcE for 24 h at various concentrations ranging between 5 μg/ml and 100 μg/ml and compared with control (cells without treatment). Thee effect of the extracts on apoptosis was assessed by through Annexin V flow cytometry assay and Luminometry based assessment of Caspase 8, 9 and caspase 3/7 activity. RNA was isolated from treated cells and gene expression of selected metastatic genes (MMP1, MMP10, and CXCL8); epithelial-mesenchymal stem cell genes (TWIST1, SNAIL, ZEB1, Oct4) and stemness related genses (Nanog, Sox2) were analyzed by using a quantitative real-time PCR system. The experiments were performed in triplicates. Results Aqueous extract of TcE was found to induce apoptosis inducer in AW13516 cells in a concentration-dependent manner and was potent even at a low concentration of 5 μg/ml. The apoptosis induction was confirmed with the caspase activity assay. Treatment of the cells with the extract for 24 h exhibited a significant decrease in the expression of EMT genes in a dose-dependent manner without an effect on the metastatic genes. Conclusion Aqueous extract of TcE induces apoptosis-mediated cell death in the oral cancer cell line AW13516 while attenuating its potential for epithelial mesenchymal transition.

Tinospora cordifolia (Amruthballi): Medicinal plant with Anticancer activity

“…Globally, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for 10.4% of all malignancies and is the eighth most common neoplasm of all cancers [1-46, 47-175-208]. Aqueous extract of Tinospora cordifolia was found to induce apoptosis inducer in AW13516 cells in a concentration-dependent manner and was potent even at a low concentration of 5 lg/ml [1]. The apoptosis induction was confirmed with the caspase activity assay.…”

“…The apoptosis induction was confirmed with the caspase activity assay. Treatment of the cells with the extract for 24 h exhibited a significant decrease in the expression of EMT genes in a dose-dependent manner without an effect on the metastatic genes [1]. Aqueous extract of Tinospora cordifolia extracts induces apoptosis-mediated cell death in the oral cancer cell line AW13516 while attenuating its potential for epithelial mesenchymal transition [1].…”

“…Treatment of the cells with the extract for 24 h exhibited a significant decrease in the expression of EMT genes in a dose-dependent manner without an effect on the metastatic genes [1]. Aqueous extract of Tinospora cordifolia extracts induces apoptosis-mediated cell death in the oral cancer cell line AW13516 while attenuating its potential for epithelial mesenchymal transition [1]. The MTT assay revealed induction of cell death by Tinospora cordifolia extract in a concentration-dependent manner [1].…”

“…Aqueous extract of Tinospora cordifolia extracts induces apoptosis-mediated cell death in the oral cancer cell line AW13516 while attenuating its potential for epithelial mesenchymal transition [1]. The MTT assay revealed induction of cell death by Tinospora cordifolia extract in a concentration-dependent manner [1]. T. cordifolia extract induced apoptosis in AW13516 cells in a concentration dependent manner [1].…”

Dietary Supplementation With Tinospora cordifolia Improves Anxiety-Type Behavior and Cognitive Impairments in Middle-Aged Acyclic Female Rats

“…Out of these species, Tinospora cordifolia , commonly known as Giloy or Guduchi is a deciduous climbing shrub indigenous to India, known for its vast therapeutic activities from medieval times. It is a high-altitude shrub that bears greenish to yellow flowers ( Patil et al, 2021 ). In the Indian system of medicine, Ayurveda, T. cordifolia is commonly known as a miraculous herb having vast pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory ( Tiwari et al, 2014 ), anti-osteoporosis ( Gowrishankar et al, 2010 ), anti-oxidative ( Ilaiyaraja and Khanum, 2011 ), and immunostimulatory ( Sengupta et al, 2011 ).…”