Timing of solid food introduction is associated with urinary F2-isoprostane concentrations in childhood

Abstract

BACKGROUNDTiming of solid food introduction in infancy has been associated with several chronic diseases. To explore potential mechanisms, we investigated the relationship between timing of solid food introduction and F2-isoprostanes – a marker of oxidative stress.METHODSUrinary F2-isoprostanes were assessed in 336 healthy children <age 11.5 years with 1,266 clinic visits (mean=3.8 visits per child) in the Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young. We analyzed the association between F2-isoprostane concentrations and infant diet exposures using linear mixed models adjusted for age, age2, HLA-DR3/4, DQB1*0302 genotype, first-degree relative with type 1 diabetes, maternal age, maternal education, sex, and exposure to in utero cigarette smoke.RESULTSLater solid food introduction was associated with lower F2-isoprostane concentrations in childhood (on average, 0.10 ng/mg per month of age at introduction) (estimate: −0.10, 95% CI: −0.18, −0.02, P-value=0.02). Moreover, childhood F2-isoprostane concentrations were, on average, 0.24 ng/mg lower in individuals breastfed at solid food introduction (estimate: −0.24, 95% CI: −0.47, −0.01, P-value=0.04) compared with those who were not. Associations remained significant after limiting analyses to F2-isoprostanes after age 2 years.CONCLUSIONOur results suggest a long-term protective effect of later solid food introduction and breastfeeding at solid food introduction against increased F2-isoprostane concentrations throughout childhood.

Childhood adversity, mental health, and oxidative stress: A pilot study

“…The sample was aliquoted and stored at a -80°C freezer without preservative. For assessment of oxidative stress, urine was analyzed for levels of F 2 -IsoPs, a stable marker of lipid peroxidation, following previously published protocols [29, 30, 36, 64]. Briefly, 1 ng of [ 2 H4]-8-isoPGF 2 α an internal standard, was added to 1ml of thawed urine, followed by F 2 -IsoP extraction using C18 and Sep-pak cartridges.…”

Appropriate age range for introduction of complementary feeding into an infant's diet

“…( 2009 ) 1 PCAustralian BabyDiabYesGluten, non‐gluten cerealIslet autoimmunity Frederiksen et al. ( 2015 ) 1 PCDiabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY)YesCF, glutenT1DM Hakola et al. ( 2018 ) 1 PCType 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention Study (DIPP) nutritionYesCF, glutenAdvanced islet autoimmunityCF, glutenT1DM Lund‐Blix et al.…”

“…The reliability of the different methods was considered in the appraisal of the risk of bias (RoB) (Appendix B). One exception was applied to a study that measured F2‐isoprostane concentrations in spot urine samples (and not in 24‐hour urine) as a marker of oxidative damage to lipids (Frederiksen et al., ). Spot urine samples are not considered an appropriate sampling unit for this outcome (EFSA NDA Panel, ).…”

Timing of complementary feeding is associated with gut microbiota diversity and composition and short chain fatty acid concentrations over the first year of life

“…Early introduction to complementary or solid foods in infancy has been associated with increased risk of childhood obesity [1][2][3], oxidative stress [4], and immune-mediated conditions [5][6][7], but the mechanism underlying these associations is not yet well understood [6,8,9]. It has been postulated that alterations in the infant gut microbiota may be on the pathway [4,5,10,11]. Longitudinal studies of infants have found that adult-associated microbes begin to dominate the infant microbiota after weaning [12,13], suggesting that early weaning could prematurely displace beneficial infant-associated microbes, altering the metabolic functionality of the gut microbiota during a critical period of development.…”