Timing of maturation and predictors of menarche in girls enrolled in a contemporary British cohort

Rubin, Carol; Maisonet, Mildred; Kieszak, Stephanie; Monteilh, Carolyn; Holmes, Adrianne K.; Flanders, Dana; Heron, Jon; Golding, Jean; McGeehin, Mike; Marcus, Michele

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3016.2009.01055.x

Cited by 113 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…2,[14][15][16][17][18][19] The obesity epidemic appears to be a prime driver in the decrease in age at onset of breast development in contemporary girls. In our study, white nonHispanic BCERP participants with BMI a Racial distributions were significantly different across sites (P , .0001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Onset of Breast Development in a Longitudinal Cohort

et al. 2013

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There is growing evidence of pubertal maturation occurring at earlier ages, with many studies based on cross-sectional observations. This study examined age at onset of breast development (thelarche), and the impact of BMI and race/ethnicity, in the 3 puberty study sites of the Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program, a prospective cohort of >1200 girls. METHODS: Girls, 6 to 8 years at enrollment, were followed longitudinally at regular intervals from 2004 to 2011 in 3 geographic areas: the San Francisco Bay Area, Greater Cincinnati, and New York City. Sexual maturity assessment using Tanner staging was conducted by using standardized observation and palpation methods by trained and certified staff. Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to describe age at onset of breast maturation by covariates. RESULTS: The age at onset of breast stage 2 varied by race/ethnicity, BMI at baseline, and site. Median age at onset of breast stage 2 was 8.8, 9.3, 9.7, and 9.7 years for African American, Hispanic, white non-Hispanic, and Asian participants, respectively. Girls with greater BMI reached breast stage 2 at younger ages. Age-specific and standardized prevalence of breast maturation was contrasted to observations in 2 large cross-sectional studies conducted 10 to 20 years earlier (Pediatric Research in Office Settings and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III) and found to have occurred earlier among white, non-Hispanic, but not African American girls. CONCLUSIONS: We observed the onset of thelarche at younger ages than previously documented, with important differences associated with race/ethnicity and BMI, confirming and extending patterns seen previously. These findings are consistent with temporal changes in BMI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Onset of Breast Development in a Longitudinal Cohort

et al. 2013

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“…Factors regulating AAM are not well understood, but in developed countries, about one-half of the variation in AAM is thought to be genetic. 1,2 Other mediating factors include birth and childhood body size, [3][4][5][6] adiposity, 3,7 growth, [8][9][10] race/ethnicity, [11][12][13] socioeconomic position, [13][14][15][16][17] family relationships and structure, 11,16,18,19 and exposure to childhood adversity and trauma. 20,21 Younger AAM has widely been proposed as a risk factor for early first sexual intercourse (FSI).…”

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confidence: 99%

Age at Menarche and Age at First Sexual Intercourse: A Prospective Cohort Study

et al. 2013

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Young age at first sexual intercourse (FSI) is related to risk-taking behaviors and negative outcomes. Previous studies using a cohort or cross-sectional design have concluded that younger age at menarche (AAM) is related to younger age at FSI. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:This large birth cohort study is the first to address the temporal relationship between AAM and FSI. We found that younger AAM does not confer higher risk of early FSI, whether in terms of calendar age or time since menarche. abstract OBJECTIVE: Younger age at menarche (AAM) may put girls at risk for earlier first sexual intercourse (FSI). Young age at FSI has far-reaching negative outcomes. We describe the longitudinal relationship between AAM and FSI in a large prospective birth cohort.METHODS: AAM was collected from 554 girls from the Western Australia (Raine) Pregnancy Cohort Study, prospectively from age 10 or retrospectively at age 14. Age at FSI was collected at ages 17 and 20. Cox regression models describe likelihood of FSI by age and years since menarche for younger (,12 years) and older ($14 years) AAM relative to average AAM (12-13 years). RESULTS: CONCLUSIONS:Younger AAM was not a risk factor for younger age at FSI in this cohort.

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“…Maternal cigarette smoking has been associated with subfecundity, measured as longer time to pregnancy (Olsen et al, 1983;Weinberg et al, 1989;Jensen et al, 1998Jensen et al, , 2006 and impaired semen quality (Storgaard et al, 2003;Jensen et al, 2004Jensen et al, , 2005Ramlau-Hansen et al, 2007;Paasch et al, 2008) in the male offspring. During recent years, studies have focused on whether prenatal exposure to cigarette smoking affects sexual maturation, and, although conflicting results have been published (Fried et al, 2001;Windham et al, 2008), age of menarche may be accelerated in girls exposed to cigarette smoking in foetal life (Windham et al, 2004;Rubin et al, 2009;Shrestha et al, 2011). To the best of our knowledge, only two studies have addressed boys, and their findings indicate that prenatal exposure to cigarette smoke may also lead to an earlier male pubertal development (Fried et al, 2001;Ravnborg et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy and pubertal development in sons. A follow‐up study of a birth cohort

et al. 2013

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SUMMARYEpidemiological studies have raised concern about the reproductive consequences of prenatal cigarette smoking exposure, possibly affecting semen quality and onset of pubertal development of the offspring. The aim of this study was to further investigate pubertal development in young men exposed to cigarette smoking in foetal life. In a Danish pregnancy cohort, information on maternal smoking during pregnancy was available from questionnaires administered in 1984-1987, and information on pubertal development, assessed by age at first nocturnal emission, acne, voice break and regular shaving, was obtained from a follow-up questionnaire administered in 2005 to the young men (age: 18-21). We found no significant association between prenatal cigarette smoking exposure and earlier onset of puberty, but we did observe a tendency towards earlier age of first nocturnal emission, acne and voice break, indicating an accelerated age of pubertal development. Men exposed to ! 15 cigarettes/day had 3.1 months (95% CI: À6.4; 0.2) earlier age at acne and 2.2 months (95% CI: À7.3; 3.0) earlier age at first nocturnal emission, 1.2 months (95% CI: À4.6; 2.2) earlier age at voice break, however, 1.3 months (95% CI: À1.6; 4.3) later age at regular shaving, compared with unexposed men. Prenatal cigarette smoking exposure may induce an earlier age at onset of puberty in young men, but larger studies with prospectively collected data on pubertal development are needed to explore this hypothesis further.

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Timing of maturation and predictors of menarche in girls enrolled in a contemporary British cohort

Cited by 113 publications

References 55 publications

Onset of Breast Development in a Longitudinal Cohort

Onset of Breast Development in a Longitudinal Cohort

Age at Menarche and Age at First Sexual Intercourse: A Prospective Cohort Study

Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy and pubertal development in sons. A follow‐up study of a birth cohort

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