Timing of major forest compositional changes and tree expansions in the Retezat Mts during the last 16,000 years

Magyari, Enikő K.; Vincze, I.; Orbán, Ildikó; Bíró, Tamás; Pál, Ilona

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2017.12.054

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…9400-9000 cal yr BP (Bodnariuc et al, 2002;Grindean et al, 2015). There are signs of the presence of beech stands from 7000 cal yr BP in Rodna (Grindean et al, 2019;Tanţău, Geantă, et al, 2014), from 6500-6700 cal yr BP in the South Carpathians (Magyari et al, 2018) and from ca. 5100-4800 cal yr BP in Maramureş and Gutin Mts., (Björkman et al, 2003;Fărcaş et al, 2013).…”

Section: When Did Beech Colonize the Local Forest? What Are The Chances For Its Survival Under Global Warming?mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…fruits, seeds, bud scales, leaves) can be identified with a better taxonomic resolution than pollen grains, and many of them also represent species that produce low amount of pollen and would otherwise go unnoticed in the pollen record (Birks, 2007;Birks and Birks, 2000). Detailed macrofossil analyses were successfully used to track, among others, the paleohydrological and temperature changes during the postglacial period and geochemical conditions of wetland ecosystems (Gałka et al, 2017;Jakab and Sümegi, 2005;Magyari et al, 2001), forest development and dynamics (Birks, 2003;Jankovská, 1988;Kołaczek et al, 2017) and tree-and timberline changes (Birks and Willis, 2008;Feurdean et al, 2016;Magyari et al, 2018;Orbán et al, 2018) In the neighbouring area of our study site, local vegetation development was studied mostly in higher mountainous areas, like the Precarpathian Hills and the Carpathian Mountains (Feurdean et al, 2013;Gałka et al, 2017Gałka et al, , 2018. At lower altitudes (<750 m a.s.l.)…”

Section: Exposure Matters: Forest Dynamics Reveal An Early Holocene Conifer Refugium On a North Facing Slope In Central Europementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Larix decidua was also restricted to mid-and high-altitude places in the Early Holocene (10,500-9500 cal yr BP), but some stands survived until 5000 cal yr BP at low altitudes (Wagner et al, 2015) and until around 4000 cal yr BP in the Southern-Carpathians (Magyari et al, 2018). According to pollen and macrofossil evidences, some small population of Larix survived even until historical times in the Polish Carpathians at mid (640-680 m a.s.l) altitudes (Krąpiec et al, 2016), in the Czech Republic (Kuneš and Abraham, 2017) and were later eliminated by human deforestation.…”

Section: Regional To Local Distribution Patterns Of Coniferous Species -A Holocene Conifer Refugiummentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exposure matters: Forest dynamics reveal an early Holocene conifer refugium on a north facing slope in Central Europe

et al. 2020

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Although several studies provide a broad overview of vegetation changes in the Carpathian Basin during the Holocene, stand-scale vegetation changes are lesser known because of the rarity of suitable sampling sites. In this study we investigated the sediment of a small closed-canopy site (Nagy-forrás forest hollow, 685 m a.s.l., 0.1 ha), located in the Mátra Mountains, on the north facing slope of Kékes (1014 m a.s.l.). We carried out detailed pollen, conifer stomata and plant macrofossil analyses, as well as radiocarbon dating to examine Late Glacial and Holocene dynamics of vegetation development. The site dates back to ca. 15,500 cal yr BP, when open boreal forests and wet tundra-like habitats occurred around the hollow. Closed forest cover developed around 14,600 cal yr BP, when a boreal European larch-Swiss stone pine ( Larix decidua-Pinus cembra) forest surrounded the hollow. This vegetation type remained stable up to 7700 cal yr BP. We observed a hiatus between 7700 and 2710 cal yr BP, followed by a beech ( Fagus sylvatica) dominated mixed temperate deciduous forest. Our results confirmed that the area was covered by a primary forest, as human influence was visible only from 175 cal yr BP. The relatively long lasting persistence of Pinus cembra in the Holocene at relatively low altitude was documented, which has never been found in Holocene sediments in the Pre-Carpathians before. We hypothesize that the north facing slope acted as a cold-stage refugium in the Early Holocene and could play the same role for the present-day beech forest that is threatened by recent climate change.

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Section: When Did Beech Colonize the Local Forest? What Are The Chances For Its Survival Under Global Warming?mentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Exposure Matters: Forest Dynamics Reveal An Early Holocene Conifer Refugium On a North Facing Slope In Central Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Regional To Local Distribution Patterns Of Coniferous Species -A Holocene Conifer Refugiummentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exposure matters: Forest dynamics reveal an early Holocene conifer refugium on a north facing slope in Central Europe

et al. 2020

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“…Recent studies indicated that beech survived the glacial periods also in refuges situated in the Romanian Carpathians (e.g. Willner et al 2009, Magyari et al 2017). In the areas with a richer and more diverse fauna the effect of plantations which replace native forests is more negative.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Litter-dwelling invertebrates in natural and plantation forests in the southern Carpathians, Romania

et al. 2020

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Forest plantations usually have a poorer fauna than native forests of the same region. Exceptions seem to appear in colder areas of Europe with few native forests. The Jiu Gorge National Park (JGNP) is situated in the Southern Romanian Carpathians, where numerous native, especially beech, forests are present. However, in the southern part of JGNP there are plantations with non-native species, like pine or black locust, where previous studies had reported a poor fauna. Based on this information, we supposed that this fauna poverty in plantations will be obvious also in the case of the litter macrofauna. This was verified by analyzing the litter macrofauna from 15 forests in the JGNP (10 natural forests and five forest plantations). We collected 12,950 individuals belonging to 28 invertebrate groups. The highest number of taxa was registered in the sessile oak forest, while the highest individual number and taxa diversity was observed in two beech forests. In the beech and birch reforestation areas the fauna was poorer than in old mature forests of the same tree species. In contrast to native forests, the fauna in plantations was much poorer, especially in the pine plantations. Detritiphagous taxa were the most affected by factors of the plantations. In the plantations, more mobile groups with various trophic regimes prevail. The plantations that are present in the southern areas of JGNP, replaced the original sessile oak forests, compared to which they have a much poorer fauna. Forest plantations from JGNP have low value for biodiversity, compared to the northern European areas where natural forests became very rare and the fauna is recent. JGNP is not in the same situation, having extended native forests, which are present in the area since the glacial periods. Therefore, these forests shelter the native fauna of the region. There are few plantations, present only in the disturbed part of JGNP, but even there they have only a very low importance for biodiversity. The data from JGNP confirms the fact that zones with high biodiversity and native forests should be conserved. Key words: Carpathians, beech, forest plantations, past, native, invertebrates, leaf litter, forestry.

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“…Today Round Lake is surrounded by a wet meadow with shrubs and trees [8]. Our work was mainly motivated by the fact that the examined site is located near the lower part of the mid-mountain zone and up to now Transylvanian environmental historical works, based on geochemistry and pollen analyses, focused solely on high mountains or hilly-alluvial areas [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentological-Geochemical Data Based Reconstruction of Climate Changes and Human Impacts from the Peat Sequence of Round Lake in the Western Foothill Area of the Eastern Carpathians, Romania

et al. 2021

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This paper presents the results of comparative sedimentological and geochemical analysis of the mire at Sânpaul, Round Lake (Kerek-tó). The palaeoecological site is situated in the western foothill area of the Eastern Carpathians in Romania. The primary objective of this study was to analyse the accumulation of major and trace elements in a 7500 year-long peat and lake deposition. The concentrations of 13 elements were determined by using handheld XRF. This paper presents the results of a multidisciplinary study, for which the principal aims were to examine the long-term relationship between land degradation in the Homoród Hills using various palaeoecological techniques, primarily comparative geochemical analyses. The PCA of elemental concentrations suggests that Round Lake is mainly controlled by the input of inorganic mineral matter and the LOI550 of peat. However, some elements are influenced by biological processes of vegetation and groundwater. Geohistorical studies compared with vegetation changes and elemental distribution helped the detection of erosion phases in the level of 12 prehistoric cultures.

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Timing of major forest compositional changes and tree expansions in the Retezat Mts during the last 16,000 years

Cited by 26 publications

References 63 publications

Exposure matters: Forest dynamics reveal an early Holocene conifer refugium on a north facing slope in Central Europe

Exposure matters: Forest dynamics reveal an early Holocene conifer refugium on a north facing slope in Central Europe

Litter-dwelling invertebrates in natural and plantation forests in the southern Carpathians, Romania

Sedimentological-Geochemical Data Based Reconstruction of Climate Changes and Human Impacts from the Peat Sequence of Round Lake in the Western Foothill Area of the Eastern Carpathians, Romania

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