Timing of glaciation during the last glacial cycle: evaluating the concept of a global ‘Last Glacial Maximum’ (LGM)

Hughes, Philip D.; Gibbard, Philip L.; Ehlers, Jürgen

doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2013.07.003

Cited by 291 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 270 publications

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“…The Scandinavian and British ice sheets reached their maximum extents at 30-25 ka, well before the global Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) around 21 ka, and were relatively quick to melt (e.g. Sejrup et al, 2009;Carlson & Clark, 2012;Hughes et al, 2013). The explanation for the earlier timing is to be sought in the vicinity of the North Atlantic and its warm currents, and applies to earlier cycles too.…”

Section: Ice Ages and Marine Isotope Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

North Sea palaeogeographical reconstructions for the last 1 Ma

Cohen

Gibbard

Weerts

2014

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

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The landscape evolution of the southern North Sea basin is complex and has left a geographically varying record of marine, lacustrine, fluvial and glacial sedimentation and erosion. Quaternary climatic history, which importantly included glaciation, combined with tectonics gave rise to cyclic and non-cyclic changes of sedimentation and erosion patterns. Large-scale landscape reorganisations left strong imprints in the preserved record, and are important for the detail that palaeogeographical reconstructions for the North Sea area can achieve. In the spirit of the North Sea Prehistory Sea. It summarises current stratigraphical and chronological frameworks and provides an overview of sedimentary environments. As we go back in time, the understanding of Quaternary palaeo-environmental evolution in the North Sea basin during the last 1 million years becomes decreasingly accurate, with degree of preservation and accuracy of age control equally important controls. Comparing palaeogeographical reconstructions for the Middle Pleistocene, the last interglacial-glacial cycle and the period following the Last Glacial Maximum illustrates this. More importantly, a series of palaeogeographical maps provide an account of basin-scale landscape change, which provides an overall framework for comparing landscape situations through time.

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Section: Ice Ages and Marine Isotope Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

North Sea palaeogeographical reconstructions for the last 1 Ma

Cohen

Gibbard

Weerts

2014

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

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“…Assuming a PGM sea-level drop of 109 ± 14 m, a PGM EIS volume of 33e53 m SLE , and comparable Antarctic excess ice volume between the PGM and LGM (assuming~17 m SLE as an upper bound, based on geologically constrained glaciological modelling; Table 1), the inferred values imply a North American NAIS volume as small as 59 to 39 m SLE (±14 m SLE ), respectively. A caveat applies with respect to attribution of component contributions to the overall sea-level drop, namely that various indicators for the maximum EIS extent may represent different glacial advance phases at different locations Lambeck et al, 2006;Hughes et al, 2013;Colleoni et al, 2016) (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Pgm Ice-volume Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences between the last two glacial maxima and implications for ice-sheet, δ18O, and sea-level reconstructions

Rohling

Hibbert

Williams

et al. 2017

Quaternary Science Reviews

115

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Arctic ice shelf Last Interglacial Glacioisostatic adjustment a b s t r a c t Studies of past glacial cycles yield critical information about climate and sea-level (ice-volume) variability, including the sensitivity of climate to radiative change, and impacts of crustal rebound on sealevel reconstructions for past interglacials. Here we identify significant differences between the last and penultimate glacial maxima (LGM and PGM) in terms of global volume and distribution of land ice, despite similar temperatures and radiative forcing. Our analysis challenges conventional views of relationships between global ice volume, sea level, seawater oxygen isotope values, and deep-sea temperature, and supports the potential presence of large floating Arctic ice shelves during the PGM. The existence of different glacial 'modes' calls for focussed research on the complex processes behind ice-age development. We present a glacioisostatic assessment to demonstrate how a different PGM ice-sheet configuration might affect sea-level estimates for the last interglacial. Results suggest that this may alter existing last interglacial sea-level estimates, which often use an LGM-like ice configuration, by several metres (likely upward).

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“…26.5-19 ka; Clark et al, 2009) and Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 2. This is not necessarily surprising: Hughes et al, (2013) suggested that many ice sheets around the world did not achieve maximum extent at the same time during the last glacial cycle (ca. 110-10 ka).…”

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confidence: 99%