Timing of callase activity and cytoplasmic male sterility in Petunia

Frankel, Rafael; Izhar, S.; Nitsan, Joseph

doi:10.1007/bf00485605

Cited by 75 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In the anthers of petunia and lily, the expression and secretion of callase activity is under strict developmental control (Frankel et al, 1969;Stieglitz and Stern, 1973). Alterations in the timing of b-1,3-glucanase expression, or failure to express b-1,3-glucanase, leads to abnormal dissolution of the tetrad callose walls, which has been shown to be a primary cause of male sterility in cytoplasmic male-sterile lines of several species, including petunia (Izhar and Frankel, 1971).…”

Section: The Cell Wall In Male Meiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Stamen Structure and Function

Scott

Spielman

Dickinson

2004

THE PLANT CELL ONLINE

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Section: The Cell Wall In Male Meiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Stamen Structure and Function

Scott

Spielman

Dickinson

2004

THE PLANT CELL ONLINE

576

556

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“…Finally, at telophase II, four groups of five chromatids are formed ( Figure 9G). At the end of meiosis, the external and intersporal walls of the tetrad are dissolved to release individual microsporocytes by a mixture of enzymes collectively referred to as callase (Frankel et al, 1969). The individual microspores of the tetrad then initiate development of the pollen wall ( Figure 9I).…”

Section: Microsporogenesis Arrests After Meiosis II and The Tapetum mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Arabidopsis thaliana SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASES1 and 2 Control Male Sporogenesis

et al. 2005

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The Arabidopsis thaliana SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE (SERK) family of plasma membrane receptors consists of five closely related members. The SERK1 and SERK2 genes show a complex expression pattern throughout development. Both are expressed in anther primordia up to the second parietal division. After this point, expression ceases in the sporocytes and is continued in the tapetum and middle layer precursors. Single knockout mutants of SERK1 and SERK2 show no obvious phenotypes. Double mutants of SERK1 and SERK2 are completely male sterile due to a failure in tapetum specification. Fertility can be restored by a single copy of either gene. The SERK1 and SERK2 proteins can form homodimers or heterodimers in vivo, suggesting they are interchangeable in the SERK1/SERK2 signaling complex.

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“…After the completion of meiosis and the initiation of microspore exine wall formation, the callose wall is broken down by callase, a tapetally secreted P-1,3-glucanase activity (Steiglitz, 1977), releasing free microspores into the locular space. In anthers of petunia and lily, callase activity follows a tight pattern of developmental regulation (Frankel et al, 1969;Steiglitz and Stern, 1973;Steiglitz, 1977). A relatively low leve1 of activity is present in anthers during the first meiotic division, but once the second meiotic division starts, this rapidly increases and peaks at the time of microspore release.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Premature dissolution of the microsporocyte callose wall causes male sterility in transgenic tobacco.

et al. 1992

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Male sterility in a petunia cytoplasmic male sterile line has been attributed to the early appearance of active callase, a P-1,3-glucanase, in the anther locule. This leads to premature dissolution of the callose walls surrounding the microsporogenous cells. We have mimicked this aspect of the petunia line in transgenic tobacco by engineering the secretion of a modified pathogenesis-related vacuolar P-1,3-glucanase from the tapetum prior to the appearance of callase activity in the locule. Plants expressing the modified glucanase from tapetum-specific promoters exhibited reduced male fertility, ranging from complete to partia1 male sterility. Callose appearance and distribution are normal in the male sterile transgenic plants up to prophase I, whereupon callose is prematurely degraded. Meiosis and cell division occur normally. The resultant microspores have an abnormally thin cell wall that lacks sculpturing. The tapetum shows hypertrophy. Male sterility is probably caused by bursting of the aberrant microspores at a time corresponding to microspore release. These results demonstrate that premature callose degradation is sufficient to cause male sterility and suggest that callose is essential for the formation of a normal microspore cell wall.

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Timing of callase activity and cytoplasmic male sterility in Petunia

Cited by 75 publications

References 8 publications

Stamen Structure and Function

Stamen Structure and Function

The Arabidopsis thaliana SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASES1 and 2 Control Male Sporogenesis

Premature dissolution of the microsporocyte callose wall causes male sterility in transgenic tobacco.

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