Timing and magnitude of frontal activity differentiates refixation and anti-saccade performance

Clementz, Brett A.; McDowell, Jennifer E.; Stewart, Sara E.

doi:10.1097/00001756-200107030-00020

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The locations of significant group differences are consistent with the prosaccade cortical network identified in previous saccade studies (Clementz et al, 2001; Pierrot-Deseilligny et al, 2002; Brown et al, 2006; Dyckman et al, 2007; McDowell et al, 2008) including occipital cortex, parietal cortex, and SEF and FEF. Furthermore, previous studies determined that activation in these regions is larger in the hemisphere contralateral to the target location (McDowell et al, 2005; Van Der Werf et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…These regions include subcortical structures such as superior colliculus, caudate nucleus of the striatum, thalamic nuclei, and cerebellum. The cortical network includes primary visual cortex, parietal eye fields, putatively located in medial intraparietal sulcus in humans, and supplementary and frontal eye fields (SEF and FEF; Clementz et al, 2001; Brown et al, 2006; Manoach et al, 2007; McDowell et al, 2008). These areas are differentially activated based on the nature of the saccade experiment: whether it involves prosaccades, including exogenous initiation of the visual saccade, or anti-saccades, where the response to the exogenous stimulus must be inhibited and an endogenous initiation of the saccade away from the target must be accomplished.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differences in MEG gamma oscillatory power during performance of a prosaccade task in adolescents with FASD

Stephen

Coffman

Stone

et al. 2013

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is characterized by a broad range of behavioral and cognitive deficits that impact the long-term quality of life for affected individuals. However, the underlying changes in brain structure and function associated with these cognitive impairments are not well-understood. Previous studies identified deficits in behavioral performance of prosaccade tasks in children with FASD. In this study, we investigated group differences in gamma oscillations during performance of a prosaccade task. We collected magnetoencephalography (MEG) data from 15 adolescents with FASD and 20 age-matched healthy controls (HC) with a mean age of 15.9 ± 0.4 years during performance of a prosaccade task. Eye movement was recorded and synchronized to the MEG data using an MEG compatible eye-tracker. The MEG data were analyzed relative to the onset of the visual saccade. Time-frequency analysis was performed using Fieldtrip with a focus on group differences in gamma-band oscillations. Following left target presentation, we identified four clusters over right frontal, right parietal, and left temporal/occipital cortex, with significantly different gamma-band (30–50 Hz) power between FASD and HC. Furthermore, visual M100 latencies described in Coffman etal. (2012) corresponded with increased gamma power over right central cortex in FASD only. Gamma-band differences were not identified for stimulus-averaged responses implying that these gamma-band differences were related to differences in saccade network functioning. These differences in gamma-band power may provide indications of atypical development of cortical networks in individuals with FASD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in MEG gamma oscillatory power during performance of a prosaccade task in adolescents with FASD

Stephen

Coffman

Stone

et al. 2013

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…before saccade generation. 51 These findings suggest that antisaccade performance relies on activation in a distributed neural network that includes the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The finding of deficient saccadic inhibition in Asperger's disorder and SEPD is consistent with other evidence that implicates the prefrontal cortex in these syndromes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deficient saccadic inhibition in Asperger's disorder and the social-emotional processing disorder

Manoach

Lindgren²,

Barton³

2004

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

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Background: Both Asperger's disorder and the social-emotional processing disorder (SEPD), a form of non-verbal learning disability, are associated with executive function deficits. SEPD has been shown to be associated with deficient saccadic inhibition. Objective: To study two executive functions in Asperger's disorder and SEPD, inhibition and task switching, using a single saccadic paradigm. Methods: 22 control subjects and 27 subjects with developmental social processing disorders-SEPD, Asperger's disorder, or both syndromes-performed random sequences of prosaccades and antisaccades. This design resulted in four trial types, prosaccades and antisaccades, that were either repeated or switched. The design allowed the performance costs of inhibition and task switching to be isolated. Results: Subjects with both Asperger's disorder and SEPD showed deficient inhibition, as indicated by increased antisaccade errors and a disproportionate increase in latency for antisaccades relative to prosaccades. In contrast, task switching error and latency costs were normal and unrelated to the costs of inhibition.Conclusions: This study replicates the finding of deficient saccadic inhibition in SEPD, extends it to Asperger's disorder, and implicates prefrontal cortex dysfunction in these syndromes. The finding of intact task switching shows that executive function deficits in Asperger's disorder and SEPD are selective and suggests that inhibition and task switching are mediated by distinct neural networks.

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“…Preparatory activity for all saccades was reflected as a ramping PSF in the central sensor waveforms, as shown in Figure 1 (McDowell et al, 2005;Clementz et al, 2001;Everling & Fischer, 1998;Evdokimidis, Liakopoulos, Constantinidis, & Papageorgiou, 1996). Following saccade onset, two distinct neural responses were evident for each saccade type from the occipital sensors at approximately 100 and 200 msec postsaccade; these are labeled as S1 and S2, respectively, in Figure 1.…”

Section: Meg Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, the spatial localization is less precise because the electrical signals are obscured by skull and tissue. For instance, Everling, Krappmann, and Fiohr (1997) found neural responses originating from frontal electrodes that distinguished prosaccades from antisaccades prior to the onset of the saccade; based on converging evidence from human neuropsychological and primate work, it is assumed that these signals likely originate from within the FEF and/or DLPFC (Clementz, McDowell, & Stewart, 2001;Kurtzberg & Vaughan, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal Brain Dynamics Underlying Saccade Execution, Suppression, and Error-related Feedback

Herdman

Ryan

2007

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Abstract& Human and nonhuman animal research has outlined the neural regions that support saccadic eye movements. The aim of the current work was to outline the sequence by which distinct neural regions come on-line to support goal-directed saccade execution and error-related feedback. To achieve this, we obtained behavioral responses via eye movement recordings and neural responses via magnetoencephalography (MEG), concurrently, while participants performed an antisaccade task. Neural responses were examined with respect to the onset of the saccadic eye movements. Frontal eye field and visual cortex activity distinguished subsequently successful goal-directed saccades from (correct and erroneous) reflexive saccades prior to the deployment of the eye movement. Activity in the same neural regions following the saccadic movement distinguished correct from incorrect saccadic responses. Error-related activity in the frontal eye fields preceded that from visual regions, suggesting a potential feedback network that may drive corrective eye movements. This work provides the first empirical demonstration of simultaneous remote eyetracking and MEG recording. The coupling of behavioral and neuroimaging technologies, used here to characterize dynamic brain networks underlying saccade execution and error-related feedback, demonstrates a novel within-paradigm converging evidence approach by which to outline the neural underpinnings of cognition. &

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Timing and magnitude of frontal activity differentiates refixation and anti-saccade performance

Cited by 15 publications

References 19 publications

Differences in MEG gamma oscillatory power during performance of a prosaccade task in adolescents with FASD

Differences in MEG gamma oscillatory power during performance of a prosaccade task in adolescents with FASD

Deficient saccadic inhibition in Asperger's disorder and the social-emotional processing disorder

Spatio-temporal Brain Dynamics Underlying Saccade Execution, Suppression, and Error-related Feedback

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