Timing and duration of supergene mineralization at the Xinrong manganese deposit, western Guangdong Province, South China: cryptomelane 40Ar/39Ar dating

Li, Jianwei; Vasconcelos, Paulo; Zhang, Wei; Deng, Xiao-Dong; Duzgoren-Aydin, Nurdan S.; Yan, Detian; Zhang, Jianqiang; Hu, Maosheng

doi:10.1007/s00126-006-0118-y

Cited by 23 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The economic potential of this zone is then limited in Western European Mn deposits. Comparable conclusions were drawn from Mn deposits in China (e.g., Li et al, 2007), where the most (economically) important part of the supergene zone was stripped. However, further studies are needed to complete and better constrain the available set of data in other European massifs (Table 1).…”

Section: Late Oligocene To Neogene Weathering In Western Europementioning

confidence: 95%

Genesis and 40Ar/39Ar dating of K-Mn oxides from the Stavelot Massif (Ardenne, Belgium): Insights into Oligocene to Pliocene weathering periods in Western Europe

Dekoninck

Monié

Blockmans

et al. 2019

Ore Geology Reviews

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Section: Late Oligocene To Neogene Weathering In Western Europementioning

confidence: 95%

Genesis and 40Ar/39Ar dating of K-Mn oxides from the Stavelot Massif (Ardenne, Belgium): Insights into Oligocene to Pliocene weathering periods in Western Europe

Dekoninck

Monié

Blockmans

et al. 2019

Ore Geology Reviews

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“…Cryptomelane is the K-bearing end-member of this group. The crystallographic structure ensures retentiveness of the argon and is suitable for 40 Ar/ 39 Ar and K-Ar geochronology (e.g., Vasconcelos et al 1992Vasconcelos et al , 1994Ruffet et al 1996;Hénocque et al 1998;Vasconcelos 1999;Colin et al 2005;Li et al 2007;Beauvais et al 2008;De Putter et al 2015).…”

Section: K-mn Oxide Geochronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Multistage genesis of the late Cretaceous manganese karst-hosted Tasdremt deposit (High Atlas, Morocco)

et al. 2020

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The eastern part of the Souss Basin (Morocco) contains several Mn deposits in the Tasdremt district. Three Mn orebodies occur within the Cenomanian-Turonian dolostones and the Senonian (Coniacian to Maastrichtian) detrital series, the main orebody being located at the boundary between them. The Mn ores consist of coronadite group minerals, mostly coronadite and hollandite, in a karstified dolostone. New field observations, petrographic analyses, and geochemical data define the Tasdremt deposits as a karst-hosted accumulation (11-60 wt.% Mn), particularly enriched in Ba (1.5-8.2 wt.%) and Pb (1.0-5.0 wt.%) with poor contaminations in Al, Fe, and P. This study shows that the ore-forming process is similar to that occurring in the Imini C3 level, located~100 km to the northeast. Such similarities with the high-grade pyrolusite-bearing ore suggest that the Tasdremt deposit is a lateral equivalent of the Imini deposits. However, the scarcity of pyrolusite in Tasdremt results in lower Mn grades, the Tasdremt ores being considered an aborted/ incomplete system in comparison with the Imini deposits. 40 Ar/ 39 Ar geochronology of K-bearing Mn oxides yields late Cretaceous ages, defining three phases at~91.5 Ma,~77.5-82 Ma, and~65-67 Ma. Although the source of metals remains hypothetical, mineralizing fluids were carried by O 2-free groundwater that mixed with O 2-rich shallow meteoric waters at the Tasdremt depositional site. The dissolution of the host dolostones and the karst environment have provided suitable conditions for the precipitation of Mn oxides, causing the coeval increase of pH and Eh, respectively. The Early Atlasic deformation during the Late Cretaceous is associated with mineralization events and was responsible for creation of low stand reliefs from Tasdremt to Imini. This period enabled karstification and mineralization. Connecting the Tasdremt deposits to other African Mn deposits is difficult since the latter consist of laterite resting above Paleoproterozoic Mn protores, and consequently formed under different conditions from karst-hosted deposits. It is likely that other Mn occurrences formed along the Atlas belt in similar settings.

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“…But weathering‐prone conditions appear to have been enhanced in the Middle/Upper Miocene throughout Brazil (e.g., Albuquerque, Horbe, & Danisík, 2020; Carmo & Vasconcelos, 2004; Lima, 2008; Monteiro et al, 2014; Riffel et al, 2015) (Figure 12a,b) and across the planet (e.g., Amazon: Shuster et al, 2005; Monteiro et al, 2018; Heller et al, 2022; Africa: Vasconcelos et al, 1994; Beauvais et al, 2008; Australia: Li & Vasconcelos, 2002; Pidgeon, Brander, & Lippolt, 2004; Vasconcelos et al, 2013; China: Li et al, 2007; and India: Bonnet et al, 2016), confirming the global significance of Middle/Upper Miocene weathering. This period of enhanced bauxitization at the SER most likely also correspond to periods, yet to be determined, of bauxite formation elsewhere.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new model of bauxitization in quartzitic landscapes: A case study from the Southern Espinhaço Range (Brazil)

Campos

Monteiro

Vasconcelos

et al. 2023

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Lithology plays a fundamental role in rock weathering and erosion, and in landscape evolution. When weathering‐ and erosion‐prone lithologies are protected from erosion by more resilient rock types (e.g., quartzites and banded iron formations) unusual weathering products result. At the Southern Espinhaço Range, Minas Gerais, Brazil, bauxitic weathering profiles are found in a unique geomorphological–lithological–climatic setting. Resistant quartzites acted as a barrier against erosion of interbedded hematite‐phyllite lenses, channelling solution flows and facilitating the formation of deep weathering profiles. The long‐term exposure of the hematite‐phyllites under alternating wet and dry tropical climates favoured widespread bauxitization. Here we investigate the geochemical, mineralogical, geochronological and micromorphological signatures of scaffolded bauxites in order to reconstruct their evolutionary history. Our data suggest that recurrent aluminium and iron mobilization within the profiles were mainly driven by mineral dissolution‐reprecipitation mediated by bioturbation and the influx of vegetation‐derived organic species. (U–Th)/He geochronology of Al‐goethite reveals that bauxitization started at least since the Lower Miocene, with important intensification of weathering in the Upper Miocene and Lower Pleistocene. The adjacent resilient quartzites acted as scaffolds for bauxitization and supported the preservation of more erodible weathering profiles developed over phyllites. Surface waters that could not infiltrate into the impermeable adjacent quartzites preferentially infiltrated into the more weathereable phyllites, enhancing their porosity and permeability, further enhancing weathering. The evolutionary history of Southern Espinhaço Range bauxites suggests a new model of bauxitization in ancient land surfaces evolution underlain by quartzites, where erosion‐prone lithologies are scaffolded by resilient quartzites and survive long‐term weathering with minimum erosion, producing bauxites.

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Timing and duration of supergene mineralization at the Xinrong manganese deposit, western Guangdong Province, South China: cryptomelane 40Ar/39Ar dating

Cited by 23 publications

References 35 publications

Genesis and 40Ar/39Ar dating of K-Mn oxides from the Stavelot Massif (Ardenne, Belgium): Insights into Oligocene to Pliocene weathering periods in Western Europe

Genesis and 40Ar/39Ar dating of K-Mn oxides from the Stavelot Massif (Ardenne, Belgium): Insights into Oligocene to Pliocene weathering periods in Western Europe

Multistage genesis of the late Cretaceous manganese karst-hosted Tasdremt deposit (High Atlas, Morocco)

A new model of bauxitization in quartzitic landscapes: A case study from the Southern Espinhaço Range (Brazil)

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