Timing and climatic drivers for glaciation across semi-arid western Himalayan–Tibetan orogen

Dortch, Jason M.; Owen, Lewis A.; Caffee, Marc W.

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.07.025

Cited by 178 publications

(202 citation statements)

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“…OSL samples from the Gumba lacustrine fill (8 ± 2 ka, 8 ± 1 ka, and 10 ± 1 ka) suggested that the maximum extent of the Gumba Glacier occurred~10-8 ka BP. We assign these advances to the early Holocene intensification of the ISM [14,74], which is also supported by radiocarbon dates obtained from peat bog at Chandratal, indicating that the peat growth began 9160 ± 70 years BP [24], thus inferring an increase in either temperature or precipitation in the Lahaul Himalaya during the early Holocene. However, this idea of increased temperatures in the early Holocene times contradicts the idea that this period was a time of extensive glaciation in the Miyar basin.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Late Holocene Glacier Dynamics in the Miyar Basin, Lahaul Himalaya, India

et al. 2017

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Detailed field mapping of glacial and paraglacial landforms and optical dating from these landforms are used to reconstruct the early Holocene glaciation in the semi-arid region of Miyar basin, Lahaul Himalaya. The study identifies three stages of glaciation, of decreasing magnitude and termed, from oldest to youngest, the Miyar stage (MR-I), Khanjar stage (KH-II), and Menthosa advance (M-III). The oldest glacial stage (MR-I) has been established on the basis of detailed geomorphological evidence such as U-shaped valley morphology, trimlines, and truncated spurs. It is speculated to be older than the global Last Glacial Maximum (gLGM) based on the magnitude of ∆ELA (Equilibrium-Line Altitude, 606m). No evidence of glacier expansion recorded from the basin correlates with the period of the gLGM. The second stage (KH-II) is well represented by extensive depositional features such as lateral and terminal moraines, drumlins, and lacustrine fills that have been constrained within 10 ± 1 to 6.6 ± 1.0 ka (Optically stimulated luminescence-OSL-ages), dating it to the early Holocene advance following the Younger Dryas cooling event. Exceptionally young glacial records of expansion are limited within a few hundred meters of the present termini of tributary glaciers and correlates with the 18th-century cooling event. Records of this glacial advance, termed the Menthosa advance, are clearly noticed in some tributary valleys.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Late Holocene Glacier Dynamics in the Miyar Basin, Lahaul Himalaya, India

et al. 2017

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“…Based on the temporal pattern of single deposit scatter and the limited amount of prior exposure in deposits of known deglaciation age, incomplete exposure due to post-glacial geomorphic processes is likely the main factor causing exposure age scatter (Heyman et al, 2011b). This is also in line with the fact that a large part of the Tibetan Plateau region glacial deposits appear to have formed prior to the global last glacial maximum (Schäfer et al, 2002;Owen et al, 2006aOwen et al, , 2006bDortch et al, 2010Dortch et al, , 2013Heyman et al, 2011a;Zech et al, 2013) and Fig. 7.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…The chronological approach used here with χ 2 R and mean/max exposure age tests differs from the kernel density smoothing approach of two recent studies investigating the timing of glaciation across the Tibetan Plateau region (Dortch et al, 2013;Murari et al, 2014). Dortch et al (2013) and Murari et al (2014) defined 19 and 27 regional glacial stages for the western and southern/eastern parts of the Tibetan Plateau region, respectively, ranging up to more than 300 ka in age. Both approaches yield a large number of ages in the 10-30 ka range and considerable variation across the Tibetan Plateau and the surrounding mountains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paleoglaciation of the Tibetan Plateau and surrounding mountains based on exposure ages and ELA depression estimates

Heyman

2014

Quaternary Science Reviews

173

153

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The Tibetan Plateau holds an ample record of past glaciations, and there is an extensive set of glacial deposits dated by exposure dating. Here a compilation is presented of 10 Be exposure ages from 485 glacial deposits with 1855 individual samples on the Tibetan Plateau, and ELA depression estimates for the glacial deposits based on a simple toe to headwall ratio approach. To recalculate the Tibetan Plateau exposure ages, 10Be production rates from 24 calibration sites across the world are compiled and recalibrated yielding an updated global reference 10 Be production rate. The recalculated exposure ages from the Tibetan Plateau glacial deposits are then divided into three groups based on exposure age clustering, to discriminate good (well-clustered) from poor (scattered) deglaciation ages. A major part of the glacial deposits have exposure ages affected by prior or incomplete exposure, complicating exposure age interpretations. The well-clustered deglaciation ages are primarily from mountain ranges along the margins of the Tibetan Plateau with a main peak between 10 and 30 ka, indicating glacial advances during the global LGM. A large number of deglaciation ages older than 30 ka indicates maximum glaciation predating the LGM, but the exposure age scatter generally prohibits accurate definition of the glacial chronology. The ELA depression estimates scatter significantly, but the main part is remarkably low. Average ELA depressions of 337 ± 197 m for the LGM and 494 ± 280 m for the pre-LGM indicate restricted glacier expansion.

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“…Be ages (new and recalculated), Dortch et al (2013) identified 19 regional glacial stages from 311 ± 32 ka to 0.4 ± 0.1 ka and contended that glacial stages older than 21 ka are correlated with a strong monsoon. The unique low-latitude, high-altitude setting of the Himalaya and Trans--Himalaya also allows testing of regional v. global controls of climate.…”

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confidence: 99%