Timestamp-Free Clock Parameters Tracking Using Extended Kalman Filtering in Wireless Sensor Networks

Wang, Heng; Lu, Rui; Peng, Zhengcen; Li, Min

doi:10.1109/tcomm.2021.3095155

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This scheme can conserve up to 95% of energy consumption on the basis of achieving microsecond-level time synchronization accuracy. In WSNs, based on the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF), Heng Wang et al [27] proposed a timestamp-free clock skew and time offset joint tracking algorithm. To improve the energy efficiency of the time synchronization, an EKF clock skew tracking algorithm was proposed.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Enhanced Method for Nanosecond Time Synchronization in IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol

Liu

Qi³

et al. 2023

Processes

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The performance of time-critical systems depends heavily on time synchronization accuracy. Therefore, it is crucial to have a synchronization method that can achieve high time synchronization accuracy. In this paper, we propose a new underlying transmission architecture and new synchronization messages. On the basis of these, aiming at the time error problem of the slave clock, we propose an enhanced time synchronization method based on new synchronization messages. Furthermore, we evaluate the performance of the enhanced time synchronization method on the OMNeT++ simulator. In addition, we compare the impact of different crystal oscillator accuracies and different crystal oscillator frequencies on time synchronization accuracy, respectively. Simulation results show that the time offset is at most ±1 clock period using the enhanced time synchronization method. We realize the purpose of timing the master clock and the slave clock by counting the period of the clock signal. Therefore, we needed to round down the time count to an integer. This is the reason why −1 and 1 appear at the same time. When the crystal oscillator frequency used is 80 MHz, the system can achieve a time synchronization accuracy of ±12.5 ns; that is, a nanosecond-level time synchronization accuracy can be achieved. With the reduction of the crystal oscillator accuracy of the slave clock, the synchronization accuracy of ±1 clock period can still be achieved. With the increase in the crystal oscillator frequency, the time synchronization accuracy that can be achieved also improves. The method proposed in this paper provides a new way of thinking and has certain guiding significance for improving the time synchronization accuracy of time-critical systems.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Enhanced Method for Nanosecond Time Synchronization in IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol

Liu

Qi³

et al. 2023

Processes

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“…The synchronisation performance not only can be enhanced via the packet exchange strategy, but also be improved by using advanced processing technologies. It is well known that the clock frequency needs to be adjusted to maintain the longer synchronised state; otherwise, the existence of clock skew 2 leads to more frequent packet exchange and clock correction action [17], [18]. Thus, recent works adopt multiple solutions (e.g.…”

Section: A Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This means that, through selecting eight parameters of the dynamic controller, the H ∞ design is to keep ∥ Ō∥ 2 /∥ D∥ 2 as small as possible. In the following, a design condition is proposed to guarantee that the system (18) is robust in the presence of the perturbations D[k].…”

Section: A Feedback Control Synchronisation Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust Synchronized Data Acquisition for Biometric Authentication

Zong

Liu

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Ind. Inf.

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Owing to its unique, concealment and easy customisation by combining different wrist and hand gestures, High-Density surface electromyogram (HD-sEMG) is recognised as a potential solution to the next generation biometric authentication, which usually adopts a wireless Body Sensor Network (BSN) to acquire the multi-channel HD-sEMG biosignals from distributed electrode arrays. For more accurate and reliable classification, biometric authentication requires the distributed biosignals to be sampled simultaneously and be well-aligned, which means that the sampling jitters among the arrays need to be tiny. To synchronise data sampling clocks of a cluster of BSN nodes for biometric authentication, this paper modifies the Packet-Coupled Oscillators protocol by using a Dynamic controller (D-PkCOs). This protocol only involves one-way single packet exchange, which reduces the communication overhead significantly. For the purpose of maintaining precise sampling of these BSN nodes subject to drifting clock frequency and varying delays, the dynamic controller is designed via the H∞ robust method, and it is proved that all the BSN nodes' sampling jitters are bounded. The experimental results demonstrate that the D-PkCOs protocol can keep the sampling jitters less than a microsecond in a 10node IEEE 802.15.4 network. The application of D-PkCOs to the BSN shows that the HD-sEMG signal with a high signalto-noise ratio is obtained, which leads to better gesture classification performance.

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“…From an implementation point of view, EDS requires that the clock of the nodes is synchronized to correctly calculate the expiry of the RREQ packet. During practical implementation, an efficient clock synchronization mechanism can be implemented at each node to achieve synchronization [26][27][28]. While clock synchronization in distributed network is not the focus of this article, we assume that the clock of each node is synchronized.…”

Section: Proposed Expanding Disk Search Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distributed Destination Search Routing for 5G and beyond Networks

Waqas

Saeed

Mahmood

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Fifth-generation and beyond networks target multiple distributed network application such as Internet of Things (IoT), connected robotics, and massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC). In the absence of a central management unit, the device need to search and establish a route towards the destination before initializing data transmission. In this paper, we proposes a destination search and routing method for distributed 5G and beyond networks. In the proposed method, the source node makes multiple attempts to search for a route towards the destination by expanding disk-like patterns originating from the source node. The source node increases the search area in each attempt, accommodating more nodes in the search process. As a result, the probability of finding the destination increases, which reduces energy consumption and time delay of routing. We propose three variants of routing for high, medium, and low-density network scenarios and analyze their performance for various network configurations. The results demonstrate that the performance of the proposed solution is better than previously proposed techniques in terms of time latency and reduced energy consumption, making it applicable for 5G and beyond networks.

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Timestamp-Free Clock Parameters Tracking Using Extended Kalman Filtering in Wireless Sensor Networks

Cited by 23 publications

References 32 publications

An Enhanced Method for Nanosecond Time Synchronization in IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol

An Enhanced Method for Nanosecond Time Synchronization in IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol

Robust Synchronized Data Acquisition for Biometric Authentication

Distributed Destination Search Routing for 5G and beyond Networks

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