Timescale for MeV electron microburst loss during geomagnetic storms

Thorne, R. M.; O’Brien, T. P.; Shprits, Y. Y.; Summers, Danny; Horne, Richard B.

doi:10.1029/2004ja010882

Cited by 311 publications

(381 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Because they provide efficient energy diffusion through cyclotron resonances, whistler mode waves are fundamentally important for accelerating seed electrons to highly relativistic energies [Summers et al, 1998;Meredith et al, 2001;Horne et al, 2005;Cattell et al, 2008;Thorne et al, 2013]. On the other hand, they can also scatter electrons into the loss cone leading to precipitation into the upper atmosphere, which is an important loss process in the radiation belts and provides a major source of energy for the diffuse and pulsating aurora [Horne and Thorne, 2003;Ni et al, 2008Ni et al, , 2011Nishimura et al, 2010Nishimura et al, , 2013Thorne et al, 2005Thorne et al, , 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New evidence for generation mechanisms of discrete and hiss‐like whistler mode waves

Gao

Thorne

et al. 2014

Geophysical Research Letters

103

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Linear theory suggests that whistler mode wave growth rates are proportional to the ratio of hot electron (~1 to 30 keV) density to total electron density (N h /N t ), whereas nonlinear wave theory suggests that an optimum linear growth rate is required to generate rising tone chorus from hiss-like emissions. Using the Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms waveform data collected by three probes over the past~5 years, we investigate the correlation between N h /N t and wave amplitude/wave occurrence rate for rising tone, falling tone, and hiss-like emissions separately. Statistical results show that the rising and falling tones preferentially occur in the region with a limited N h /N t range, whereas both the occurrence rate and wave amplitudes of hiss-like emissions become larger for higher values of N h /N t . Our statistical results not only provide an important clue on the generation mechanism of hiss-like emissions, but also provide supporting experimental evidence for the nonlinear theory of generating rising tone chorus.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New evidence for generation mechanisms of discrete and hiss‐like whistler mode waves

Gao

Thorne

et al. 2014

Geophysical Research Letters

103

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“…These waves have been shown to be very important in both the acceleration [e.g., Summers et al, 1998;Horne et al, 2005a] and the precipitation [Thorne et al, 2005] of relativistic radiation belt electrons. Chorus waves have also been demonstrated to be the dominant wave mode for scattering plasma sheet electrons into the atmosphere to form the diffuse aurora [Thorne et al, 2010], the pulsating aurora [Nishimura et al, 2010] and to create the pitch angle distributions of energetic electrons observed in the inner magnetosphere [Tao et al, 2011a].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of amplitude modulation on nonlinear interactions between electrons and chorus waves

Tao

Bortnik

Thorne

et al. 2012

Geophysical Research Letters

Self Cite

115

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[1] The effects of amplitude modulation on nonlinear interactions between a parallel propagating chorus wave packet and electrons in a dipole field are investigated in this work using a test particle code. Previous research used a single wave to model a chorus wave element, leading to nonlinear processes such as phase trapping and bunching when the wave amplitude was large enough. However, high resolution observations of chorus wave packets show a modulation of the wave amplitude, forming the so-called chorus subpackets or subelements. Here we first extend a previous method to model a realistic chorus packet. Using the modeled chorus packet, we demonstrate directly that including the realistic amplitude modulation could significantly affect the behavior of resonant electrons. Our results suggest that the amplitude modulation should be considered in the quantitative treatment of interactions between electrons and chorus waves. Citation: Tao, X., J. Bortnik, R. M. Thorne, J. M. Albert, and W. Li (2012), Effects of amplitude modulation on nonlinear interactions between electrons and chorus waves, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L06102,

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“…The loss was not an adiabatic response (McAdams and Reeves, 2000). Such losses are possibly due to microbursts, EMIC waves, strong chorus and hiss waves, and outward diffusion to the magnetopause or a combination thereof Lorentzen et al, 2001;Shprits, et a)., 2006;Thome et al, 2005) while the increases at lower energies may result from convection or substorm injections.…”

Section: Summary Of Current Knowledgementioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution and Energization of Energetic Electrons in the Inner Magnetosphere

Fennell

Roeder

2009

Astrophysics and Space Science Proceedings

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Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0186), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. REPORT DATE (DD-MU-YYYY) 15- SMC SPONSOR/MONITOR'S REPORT NUMBER(S) DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENTApproved for public release; distribution unlimited. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES ABSTRACTA review is presented of what we know about the evolution and energization of energetic electrons in the inner magnetosphere. We emphasize what we have learned since the review by Friedel et al. (2002) with the primary result being a greater focus on local acceleration processes and significant new evidence that points to processes that are acting in the region between GPS and geosynchronous altitudes. We use as an example the magnetosphere's energetic electron responses to storms that occurred in the 16-25 July 2004 period. They had increasing magnitude in terms of minimum D ST of-80,-101 ,-148, and -197 nT. We examined the penetration and enhancements of the electrons as a function of L. We found that the smallest storms did not cause relativistic electron enhancements for L < 6.5, but did cause enhancements in the "source" populations at > 130 and >230 keV down to L ~ 3.0. The results indicate that the electron fluxes observed at Cluster may be directly linked to the rapid response of electrons at low L observed by HE03, and could have been the source for the <1 MeV fluxes. SUBJECT TERMS Acknowledgment;The authors would like to acknowledge their many colleagues at The Aerospace Corporation that have supported their efforts, provided references, and participated in discussions on the topic of energetic electron sources and process in the magnetosphere.

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Timescale for MeV electron microburst loss during geomagnetic storms

Cited by 311 publications

References 24 publications

New evidence for generation mechanisms of discrete and hiss‐like whistler mode waves

New evidence for generation mechanisms of discrete and hiss‐like whistler mode waves

Effects of amplitude modulation on nonlinear interactions between electrons and chorus waves

Evolution and Energization of Energetic Electrons in the Inner Magnetosphere

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