Timeliness of national reporting of communicable diseases: the experience of the National Electronic Telecommunications System for Surveillance.

Birkhead, Guthrie S.; Chorba, Terence; Root, S M; Klaucke, Douglas N.; Gibbs, Norah

doi:10.2105/ajph.81.10.1313

Cited by 27 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…However, since there should not be a longer delay between the onset date and the date of sample collection, one could conclude that the timeliness in the reporting has improved since then. Also studies from other countries have shown that meningococcal infection, measles and/or salmonellosis were reported most rapidly, while TB and other mycobacteria had the longest delays (8,9,11,14,15,18,19). The conclusion drawn from all these studies is that differences in the delays between diseases seem to be dependent on the level of urgency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Previous studies have shown that efficient electronic reporting systems are expected to produce higher quality because less time is needed to write, file and transmit notifications (17,18). The easiest way of increasing the performance is thus to design a modern electronic surveillance system eliminating any unnecessary delay in the flow due to handling and sending papers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Timeliness of case reporting in the Swedish statutory surveillance of communicable diseases 1998–2002

Jansson

Arneborn

Skärlund

et al. 2004

Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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To prepare for a new communicable disease act in Sweden, we performed an in-depth analysis of the performance of the present notification system (1998--2002). Four diseases were selected for analysis (meningococcal infection, salmonellosis, infection with penicillin-resistant pneumococci and tularaemia). Each step in the double notification flow (clinical and laboratory notifications) was studied and paper-based and electronic notifications compared. More than 15 possible single dates in the notification flows were analysed for 27,000 cases. The shortest notification flows (from date of sample collection to when the first notification was received at SMI--clinical or laboratory notification) were seen for meningococcal infections and salmonellosis (median 7 d) and the longest for tularaemia (11 d). Laboratory notifications were faster than clinical notifications, and electronic reporting 1.5-1.7 times faster than paper notifications. Further gains should be expected from the new electronic reporting system (SmiNet2), which will allow also clinical reporting electronically over the internet.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Timeliness of case reporting in the Swedish statutory surveillance of communicable diseases 1998–2002

Jansson

Arneborn

Skärlund

et al. 2004

Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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“…Passive surveillance is often associated with delayed and low reporting [29][30][31]. Because measles is highly contagious and the virus is particularly communicable during catarrhal stage (about 7 days post exposure or 3 days before onset of rash) [32], an index case may cause two further generations of cases by the fourth day after onset of rash.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of measles in Taiwan: dynamics of transmission and timeliness of reporting during an epidemic in 1988–9

et al. 1995

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SUMMARYWe analysed nation-wide reported measles cases during the 1988-9 epidemic and found that longer duration and wider spread were two major characteristics of the outbreak. All the 22 county/city index cases were reported with a delay of > 4 days and 64% were aged 5-14 years. This epidemic occurred mainly among 5-14-year-old school-children (59 % ), infants under 1 year (19%), and pre-school children ( 18 %). The overall attack rate was 0-63 cases per 10000 population, with the highest attack rate (7 4 cases per 10000 population) occurring in infants. Among 280 confirmed cases < 15 months of age, 9-month-old infants (42 cases) had a higher risk of measles and peaked at 10 months (49 cases). This epidemic started in March 1988 among 5-9-year-old children in the northern suburban area, then spread to Taipei City and neighbouring counties or cities. It continued to spread from the northern to southern and western areas during the summer vacation and New Year holidays. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the delay of measles reporting was strongly associated with the cases infected early in the epidemic (OR = 6-9, P < 0.001) and reported from teaching hospitals (OR = 2 6, P < 0-001). The reappearance of high attack rates among 5-9-year-old children in the 1985 and 1988-9 measles epidemics in Taiwan indicated the persistence of pockets of susceptible individuals even after mass immunization.

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“…There are 61 reportable dis¬ eases under state jurisdiction. Further, 15 tion of the SHD, 30 require confirmation and correlation with specimens submitted to an ap¬ proved laboratory, and 28 require supplemen¬ tal forms to be filled out and sent to the SHD.…”

Section: Effectiveness Of Electronic Communication and Technology Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SHDs send the report for the entire state the same week that the data are received from the local CHDs. However, the delay between the onset of a disease and e-mail reporting by the SHD to the CDC can vary, as epidemic-prone diseases that require laboratory confirmation have longer reporting delays 15. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Status of Electronic Reporting of Notifiable Conditions in the United States and Europe

Parsons¹,

Garnerin²,

Flahault³

et al. 1996

Telemedicine Journal

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A fuller use of e-mail or other electronic communication by US CHDs will allow them to use a local database as a tool for managing local disease outbreaks more effectively and independently. Federal and state agency access to the CHD databases will enable early reporting of epidemic outbreaks. Periodic posting of public health information on Internet servers is recommended for immediate access to the public health data by Internet users worldwide.

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Timeliness of national reporting of communicable diseases: the experience of the National Electronic Telecommunications System for Surveillance.

Cited by 27 publications

References 8 publications

Timeliness of case reporting in the Swedish statutory surveillance of communicable diseases 1998–2002

Timeliness of case reporting in the Swedish statutory surveillance of communicable diseases 1998–2002

Epidemiology of measles in Taiwan: dynamics of transmission and timeliness of reporting during an epidemic in 1988–9

Status of Electronic Reporting of Notifiable Conditions in the United States and Europe

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