Abstract:Timed Petri nets are used as models of cluster tools representing the flow of wafers through the chambers of the tool as well as sequences of actions performed by the robotic transporter. Since the durations of all activities are also represented in the model, performance characteristics can be derived from the model for steady-state, as well as transient behaviors. The performance of single-blade tools is compared with that of dual-blade tools. The effects of multiple loadlocks, redundant chambers and multipl… Show more
“…The work presented in this paper models resource competition and interactions between the authorisation module and the execution module. Finally, previous work only models the execution or authorisation of a single workflow [21] [24]. The modelling mechanism developed here however, is able to model the simultaneous execution of multiple workflows.…”
“…The work presented in this paper models resource competition and interactions between the authorisation module and the execution module. Finally, previous work only models the execution or authorisation of a single workflow [21] [24]. The modelling mechanism developed here however, is able to model the simultaneous execution of multiple workflows.…”
“…The computational results of flow patterns (1) and (2) by the heuristic method in the previous section (hereafter called proposed method) and IP are compared. In IP, a general-purpose solver (CPLEX 12.6) was used to solve the mixed-IP models.…”
Section: Comparison Of the Performance Of Ip And The Proposed Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The wafer flow is represented by (1, 1, 1, 1). Hereafter, this flow is called flow pattern (2). The Petri net modeling and deadlock prevention policy are applied.…”
Section: Petri Net Modelingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Generally, most studies on scheduling cluster tools focus on finding the optimal cyclic schedules [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] when the cluster tools are operated in a steady state. A dualarmed cluster tool is often operated at a constant cycle by employing swap strategies.…”
Cluster tools are used for semiconductor wafer fabrication. A cluster tool consists of several loadlock modules, processing modules, and material handling armed robots to transfer wafers between loadlocks and processing modules. Most conventional scheduling methods consider a cyclic schedule to minimize makespan. We consider noncyclic scheduling of dual-armed cluster tools. In practice, it is important to minimize wafer residency time in processing modules to maintain the surface quality of wafers. In the noncyclic operations, the cluster tool causes deadlock which may lead to excessive loss in the wafer fabrication process. We propose an efficient deadlock-free scheduling method for the noncyclic scheduling problem of a dual-armed cluster tool to minimize the residency time and makespan. The proposed method is applied to a dual-armed cluster tool with a non-revisiting process and a revisiting process. Computational results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
“…There are studies on modeling cluster tools using Petri nets [16]- [18]. Khansa et al [19] The dynamic behavior of a p-time Petri net is quoted from [21].…”
Abstract-Cluster tools, each of which consists of several singlewafer processing chambers and a wafer handling robot, have been increasingly used for diverse wafer fabrication processes. Processes such as some low pressure chemical vapor deposition processes require strict timing control. Unless a wafer processed at a chamber for such a process leaves the chamber within a specified time limit, the wafer is subject to quality problems due to residual gases and heat. We address the scheduling problem for such time-constrained dual-armed cluster tools that have diverse wafer flow patterns. We propose a systematic method of determining the schedulable process time range for which there exists a feasible schedule that satisfies the time constraints. We explain how to select the desirable process times within the schedulable process time range. We present a method of determining the tool operation schedule. For more flexible scheduling under the time constraints, we propose a modification of the conventional swap operation in order to allow wafer delay on a robot arm during a swap operation. We compare the performance of the new swap strategy with that of the conventional swap strategy.
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