Time Trends of Head Injuries Over Multiple Seasons in Professional Male Football (Soccer)

Beaudouin, Florian; Fünten, Karen aus der; Tröß, Tobias; Reinsberger, Claus; Meyer, Tim

doi:10.1055/a-0808-2551

Cited by 30 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The high frequency of reported injuries (64.3%) in a short period of time (2 years) indicates that even in collective sports, a high risk of these types of orofacial injuries is observed and this information is also confirmed by other studies, emphasizing the importance and necessity of educational and preventive measures and actions, aiming at maintaining the athlete's health (17)(18)(19). Orofacial lesions may occur at different levels of severity and may lead to esthetic, functional, psychological problems, and important economic impact since eventually the treatment for these types of accidents occurs in the medium and long term (19).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Prevalence of orofacial trauma in soccer players of a Brazilian club

Souza

Fernandes

Barreto

et al. 2019

JHSCI

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Introduction: The objectives of the study were to evaluate the prevalence of orofacial injuries in soccer players of a Brazilian club, considering the category, the position in the field, and the most affected anatomic site, through medical records. Methods: A total of 126 charts of players from the base categories (sub-15, sub-17, and sub-20) and male and female professional categories from 2016 to 2018 were evaluated. It was considered inclusion criteria to be a soccer player hired by a club in the indicated period. The exclusion criteria of the study correspond to the medical records registered after the chronological date stipulated or that did not have the correct registry of the occurred trauma. Results: The data analyzed presented a moderate value in relation to the orofacial traumas prevalence, and 64.3% of the athletes of the club have some record type of trauma in the face. We observed that soft-tissue lacerations of the lips and dental fractures present the highest frequencies (73% and 27%, respectively). The positions of defender, striker, and midfield are the most susceptible to injuries (31%, 24%, and 23%, respectively). Conclusion: Dental and orofacial trauma are a problem commonly encountered in sports, being present also in collective sports, such as football. It was observed a moderate prevalence of injuries on the face, especially among the athletes who are ahead of the attack line, with lip lacerations and dental fractures being the most common events.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Prevalence of orofacial trauma in soccer players of a Brazilian club

Souza

Fernandes

Barreto

et al. 2019

JHSCI

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“…Thus, we observed no gender differences in contrast to previous studies. One recent 2006-2016 German study found that the soccer concussion incidence slightly increased over time, 24 in contrast to the total number of head injuries and the overall injury incidence that have remained constant over time. 25 Future studies need to use a clear definition of a soccer-related concussion to determine whether the concussion risk in elite soccer is increasing, Accordingly, we used the definition from the 2012 Zurich consensus conference.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concussion incidence and recovery in Swedish elite soccer — Prolonged recovery in female players

Vedung

Hänni

Tegner

et al. 2020

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Objectives Sport‐related concussions are an increasingly recognized health problem. Soccer is the most popular sport in the world although recent studies on concussion incidence are scarce. Here, a nationwide prospective study on concussion incidence, symptom severity, risk factors, gender differences, and return‐to‐play after concussion was performed in 51 Swedish elite soccer teams during the 2017 season. Methods In the 1st and 2nd soccer leagues for men and women, a Sport Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT)‐based questionnaire study was performed at preseason (baseline) and from 48 hours to 3 months post‐concussion. Results We followed 959 players (389 women, 570 men) for 25 146 player game hours (9867 hours for women, 15 279 hours for men). Concussion incidence (n = 36 concussions during the season) was 1.19/1000 player game hours (females 1.22/1000 hours, males 1.18/1000 hours; P = .85). Twenty‐seven percent of all players (8% of females, 40% of males) continued to play immediately after the concussion. When compared to male players, female players had worse initial symptom severity scores (median and IQR 30 (17‐50.5) vs 11 (4‐26.25), P = .02) on SCAT and longer return‐to‐play (P = .02). Risk factors for concussion were baseline symptoms and previous concussion. Conclusion In Swedish elite soccer, the concussion incidence was 1.19/1000 without gender differences. Most players recovered to play within 4 weeks post‐injury. Almost one third of players continued to play at time of concussion. Female players had worse initial symptoms and longer return‐to‐play time than males, and a prolonged recovery beyond 3 months was only observed among female players.

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“…It has previously been shown in adults' football that heading duels are particularly key in the occurrence of head injury. [47][48][49] Therefore, header duels and unintentionally getting hit by a ball can be considered to be more likely accompanied by (head injury) consequences. 50,51 It is tempting to assume that the contact force between the ball and the player's head is an important consideration for head injury risk.…”

Section: Head Injuries In Match Play and Training Sessionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The UEFA Heading Study: Heading incidence in children’s and youth’ football (soccer) in eight European countries

Beaudouin

Gioftsidou

Larsen

et al. 2020

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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To assess the real‐life magnitude of the heading incidence in children's and youth’ football in eight European countries with different “football cultures,” a cross‐sectional observational design, in which one match per team in 480 different teams from eight European countries (2017/18‐2018/19), was recorded by video. One training session was recorded in 312 teams. Clubs with Under‐10, Under‐12 (female/male/mixed), and Under‐16 female and male teams were eligible to participate. Heading frequencies and types were analyzed. Results are presented as headers per match/training and per team. Incidence rates (IR) per 1000 match/training hours were calculated. Under‐10 teams carried out the lowest average number of headers per match (8.8), followed by Under‐16 female (17.7), Under‐12 (18.4), and Under‐16 male (35.5). Total number of headers per match and team varied between countries. 80% of the total number of headers were single intentional headers, 12% heading duels, 3% unintentional headers by getting hit, and 5% others (trends apparent in all age groups). Three head injuries occurred during match play corresponding to an IR of 0.70 (95% CI, 0.23‐2.16). The lowest number of headers per training and team was found in Under‐10 (21.3), followed by Under‐16 females (34.1), Under‐12 (35.8), and Under‐16 males (45.0). In conclusion, this large‐scale study presents novel data about the number and type of headers in youth’ football throughout Europe. A more precise understanding of the heading incidence, specifically in young players, is mandatory for the debate of restrictions on heading in youth football.

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Time Trends of Head Injuries Over Multiple Seasons in Professional Male Football (Soccer)

Cited by 30 publications

References 39 publications

Prevalence of orofacial trauma in soccer players of a Brazilian club

Prevalence of orofacial trauma in soccer players of a Brazilian club

Concussion incidence and recovery in Swedish elite soccer — Prolonged recovery in female players

The UEFA Heading Study: Heading incidence in children’s and youth’ football (soccer) in eight European countries

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