Time Synchronization in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Max and Average Consensus Protocol

Dengchang, Zhao; An, Zhu; Xu, Yongjun

doi:10.1155/2013/192128

Cited by 30 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…and hence u t → A. As µ 2 is the smallest positive eigenvalue of the graph Laplacian, it dictates the slowest mode of convergence in the equation (6).…”

Section: Consensus Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This simple diffusion model is typically used for analyzing consensus dynamics on networks, in which the pairs of connected nodes of the graph try to reach an agreement over a given topic, e.g., opinions, position in space, etc., and the network as a whole collapses to a steady state of consensus. Consensus protocols, as they are known in technological applications, have been widely used in the study of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and peer-to-peer networks, where the problem consists of making the scalar states of a set of agents converge to the same value under local communication constraints [5,6,7,8]. In social network analysis the consensus dynamics plays a fundamental role in understanding the dynamics of information spreading among actors in a social system and it has been applied for a diverse series of real-world situations [9,10,11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Communicability angles reveal critical edges for network consensus dynamics

2015

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We consider the question of determining how the topological structure influences a consensus dynamical processes taking place on a network. By considering a large data set of real-world networks we first determine that the removal of edges according to their communicability angle, an angle between position vectors of the nodes in an Euclidean communicability space, increases the average time of consensus by a factor of 5.68 in real-world networks. The edge betweenness centrality also identifies, in a smaller proportion, those critical edges for the consensus dynamics; i.e., its removal increases the time of consensus by a factor of 3.70. We justify theoretically these findings on the basis of the role played by the algebraic connectivity and the isoperimetric number of networks on the dynamical process studied and their connections with the properties mentioned before. Finally, we study the role played by global topological parameters of networks on the consensus dynamics. We determine that the network density and the average distance-sum, which is analogous of the node degree for shortest-path distances, account for more than 80% of the variance of the average time of consensus in the real-world networks studied.

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“…and hence u t → A. As µ 2 is the smallest positive eigenvalue of the graph Laplacian, it dictates the slowest mode of convergence in the equation (6).…”

Section: Consensus Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Communicability angles reveal critical edges for network consensus dynamics

2015

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“…The technique that fine tunes the resynchronization arbitrarily depending on the rate of errors occurring in controlling and balancing the synchronization errors. Dengchang et al [12] have applied the logic of maximum consensus in order to compensate clock drift as well as mean consensus for compensating offset of clock. The author had presented the work in the form of mathematical modelling and graph theory to find reduced synchronization error as an outcome.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

OTSA: Optimized Time Synchronization Approach for Delay-based Energy Efficient Routing in WSN

Nagarathna¹,

Mallapur²

2017

ijacsa

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Abstract-Time Synchronization is one of the problems and still ignored problem in area of wireless sensor network (WSN). After reviewing the existing literatures, it is found that there are few studies that combinely address the problem of energy conservation, clustering, routing along with minimizing the errors due to time synchronization in sensor network. Therefore, this manuscript presents a delay-based routing which considers the propagation delay to formulate a mechanism for delay compensation in large scale wireless sensor network. The prime goal of this technique is to jointly address energy problems, time synchronization, and routing in wireless sensor network. The outcome of the proposed study was found to posse's minimized communication overhead, minimized synchronization errors, lower energy consumption, and reduced processing time when compared with the existing standards of time synchronization techniques.

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“…Hence, these protocols are unable to take advantage of the hierarchical structure of a 6LoWPAN. More recent protocols, like ATS( [4]), CCS( [5]) and TSMA( [6]), follow a distributed approach to synchronize A 6LoWPAN based wireless sensor network. F represent fully functional devices, R represent reduced functional device and E denote edge routers.…”

Section: System Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time synchronization protocol for 6LoWPAN

Waghmare

Mazumdar

Sairam

2013

2013 International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics (ICACCI)

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The future is seen as place where all perceivable objects will have a layer of digital connectivity. The concept of Internet of Things involves connecting devices embedded with microcontrollers such as sensors to IP based networks. 6LoWPAN is a new set of standard for IPv6 connectivity over such low power wireless personal area networks. Time synchronization is essential in 6LoWPAN to time-align the data send by the different sensors. The other advantage of time synchronization will be to realize a perfect wake up scheme of the sensor nodes making the most of its limited power supply. Although time-synchronization has been well studied for traditional networks and to some extent in wireless sensor network, it has not been implemented for 6LoWPANs. In this paper, we propose a time synchronization protocol for 6LoWPAN. The fully functional device (FFD) does a pairwise synchronization with other synchronized FFD or the edge router. The Reduced Functional Devices (RFD) are synchronized using flooding technique.

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Time Synchronization in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Max and Average Consensus Protocol

Cited by 30 publications

References 10 publications

Communicability angles reveal critical edges for network consensus dynamics

Communicability angles reveal critical edges for network consensus dynamics

OTSA: Optimized Time Synchronization Approach for Delay-based Energy Efficient Routing in WSN

Time synchronization protocol for 6LoWPAN

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