Time shifts in height and diameter growth allocation in understory European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) following canopy release

Noyer, Estelle; Ningre, François; Dlouhá, Jana; Fournier, Mériem; Collet, Catherine

doi:10.1007/s00468-018-1779-8

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The full appearance of all height classes (0-20, 21-50, 51-100, 101-200, and 201-350 cm) for categorized tree species groups in almost all gap sizes under height growth dynamics in comparison to absent diameter classes of diameter growth dynamics strongly attests to the finding in several studies that in tree growth under prevailing light environments, height growth is often maintained over diameter growth, e.g., [12]. But then again, our result disputes the assumption that differences in the light environments of trees growing under various levels of canopy cover would be expressed sooner in diameter growth than they would in height growth [13,14].…”

Section: Impact Of Gap Ecology On Growth Dynamics Of Different Naturally Regenerated Tree Speciessupporting

confidence: 79%

Impact of Canopy Gap Ecology on the Diversity and Dynamics of Natural Regeneration in a Tropical Moist Semi-Deciduous Forest, Ghana

Hammond

Pokorný

2021

The 1st International Electronic Conference on Biological Diversity, Ecology and Evolution

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The study evaluated species diversity, including regeneration and growth dynamics of different naturally regenerated tree species in gaps of different sizes in a tropical moist semi-deciduous forest, Ghana. Twenty-three randomly selected gaps categorized as small (≤300 m 2 ), medium (301-1000 m 2 ), large (1001-2000 m 2 ) and very large (>2000 m 2 ) sizes were defined. Forty-one subsampling circular 1 m 2 plots at 2 m intervals were delineated within each gap. In total, 1468 individuals belonging to 85 species from 25 families and 65 genera were enumerated. Malvaceae (13 species) was the most diverse family, while Bignoniaceae, Clusiaceae, Lecythidaceae, Melastomataceae, Mimosaceae, Myristicaceae, Ochnaceae, Rutaceae, Santalaceae, and Urticaceae families were scarcely represented by only 1 species, respectively. Non-pioneer light demanding (NPLD) recorded the highest number of 38 species, followed by pioneers with 30 species, whereas shade-tolerant attained the lowest representatives of 17 species in regenerated species composition. All estimated diversity indices revealed improvements of species diversity in all gaps significantly. Though the small gaps showed no regeneration shift between pioneers and shade-tolerant, the other gap sizes did it at 62-82%. Medium and large gaps promoted natural regeneration at all distinguished diameter classes, however, pioneers and NPLD at 71-100 mm and pioneers at 51-70 mm were absent in small and very large gaps, respectively. Similarly, pioneers of height 0-20 cm in very large gaps were missing. Conclusively, species biodiversity differed significantly among gaps while regeneration dynamics differed significantly among gap sizes.

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Section: Impact Of Gap Ecology On Growth Dynamics Of Different Naturally Regenerated Tree Speciessupporting

confidence: 79%

Impact of Canopy Gap Ecology on the Diversity and Dynamics of Natural Regeneration in a Tropical Moist Semi-Deciduous Forest, Ghana

Hammond

Pokorný

2021

The 1st International Electronic Conference on Biological Diversity, Ecology and Evolution

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“…The height-to-diameter ratio often describes the allometric relationship between two size-determining parameters and an individual's competitiveness under different growing conditions [3,21]. However, we wanted to capture the short-term effects of growing conditions and exclude the legacy of the 1-2 years that the seedlings spent in the nursery [37,38]. For that purpose, we assumed a simple cylindrical model for the tree stem and computed the share of the volume growth over one growing season that attributes to height growth alone (Figure 2).…”

Section: Growth Allocation To Heightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seedling Growth and Biomass Production under Different Light Availability Levels and Competition Types

Bebre

Riebl

Annighöfer

2021

Forests

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Light availability is a crucial resource determining seedling survival, establishment, and growth. Competition for light is asymmetric, giving the taller individuals a competitive advantage for obtaining light resources. Species-specific traits, e.g., shade tolerance, rooting depth, and leaf morphology, determine their strategical growth response under limited resource availability and different competitive interactions. We established a controlled pot experiment using European beech, Norway spruce, and Douglas fir seedlings and applying three different light availability levels—10%, 20%, and 50%. The experiment’s main aim was to better understand the effects of light availability and competition type on the growth, growth allocation, and biomass production of recently planted seedlings. We planted four seedlings per pot in either monocultures or mixtures of two species. Relative height and diameter growth and aboveground woody biomass of seedlings increased with increasing light availability. All seedlings allocated more growth to height than diameter with decreasing light availability. Seedlings that reached on average greater height in the previous year allocated less growth to height in the following year. Additionally, there were general differences in growth allocation to the height between gymnosperms and angiosperms, but we did not find an effect of the competitor’s identity. Our mixture effect analysis trends suggested that mixtures of functionally dissimilar species are more likely to produce higher biomass than mixtures of more similar species such as the two studied conifers. This finding points towards increased productivity through complementarity.

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“…The ratio of total fresh biomass to the trunk volume (ρ T ) has increased because the ratio of crown biomass to stem biomass increased after thinning (not shown). Despite significant difference in height annual increment between control and thinned poles after thinning ( H = 10.18, df = 1, P = 0.001), no significant difference was found in thinned poles between the height annual increment before and after thinning ( H = 0.24, df = 1, P = 0.624) (for more details, see Noyer et al., ). Considering wood properties, thinning did not affect the maturation strain asymmetry (Purba et al., ) but slightly increased elastic of modulus ( H = 6.7, df = 1, P = 0.01).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Biomechanical control of beech pole verticality (Fagus sylvatica) before and after thinning: theoretical modelling and ground‐truth data using terrestrial LiDAR

Noyer

Fournier

Constant

et al. 2019

American J of Botany

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Premise of the Study Thinning is a frequent disturbance in managed forests, especially to increase radial growth. Due to buckling and bending risk associated with height and mass growth, tree verticality is strongly constrained in slender trees growing in dense forests and poor light conditions. Tree verticality is controlled by uprighting movements implemented from local curvatures induced by wood maturation stresses and/or eccentric radial growth. This study presents the first attempt to compare the real uprighting movements in mature trees using a theoretical model of posture control. Methods Stem lean and curvature were measured by Terrestrial LiDAR Scanner (TLS) technology before and 6 years after thinning and compared to unthinned control poles. Measures for several tree and wood traits were pooled together to implement a widely used biomechanical model of tree posture control. Changes in observed stem lean were then compared with the model predictions, and discrepancies were reviewed. Key Results Even under a highly constrained environment, most control poles were able to counterbalance gravitational curvature and avoid sagging. Thinning stimulated uprighting movements. The theoretical uprighting curvature rate increased just after thinning, then slowed after 2 years, likely due to the stem diameter increase. The biomechanical model overestimated the magnitude of uprighting. Conclusions Most suppressed beech poles maintain a constant lean angle, and uprighting movements occur after thinning, indicating that stem lean is plastic in response to light conditions. Acclimation of posture control to other changes in growth condition should be investigated, and lean angles should be measured in forest inventories as an indicator of future wood quality.

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Time shifts in height and diameter growth allocation in understory European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) following canopy release

Cited by 9 publications

References 53 publications

Impact of Canopy Gap Ecology on the Diversity and Dynamics of Natural Regeneration in a Tropical Moist Semi-Deciduous Forest, Ghana

Impact of Canopy Gap Ecology on the Diversity and Dynamics of Natural Regeneration in a Tropical Moist Semi-Deciduous Forest, Ghana

Seedling Growth and Biomass Production under Different Light Availability Levels and Competition Types

Biomechanical control of beech pole verticality (Fagus sylvatica) before and after thinning: theoretical modelling and ground‐truth data using terrestrial LiDAR

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