Time, Self, and Intertemporal Choice

Lucci, Cintia eRetz

doi:10.3389/fnins.2013.00040

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…These higher order cognitive functions rely on accurate time perception. 27,28 Thus, deficits in time perception may prompt behaviors to alleviate short-term discomfort (i.e., relapse) rather than behaviors focused on long-term goals (i.e., maintaining abstinence).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Time Perception During Smoking Abstinence

Ashare

Kable

2015

Nicotine & Tobacco Research

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Introduction: Nicotine withdrawal leads to impulsive decision-making, which reflects a preference for smaller, immediate rewards and often prompts a relapse to smoking. The mechanism by which nicotine withdrawal leads to impulsive decision-making is not well known. An essential dimension of decision-making is time perception. Impulsive decisions reflect intolerance of temporal delays and the perception that time is passing more slowly. Sex may be an important factor in impulsive decision-making and time perception, but no studies have investigated whether sex moderates the effects of nicotine withdrawal on impulsive decision-making and time perception. Methods: Thirty-three (12 female) adult smokers completed 2 laboratory sessions: following 24-hr abstinence and once smoking-as-usual (order counterbalanced, abstinence biochemically verified). Participants completed 2 time perception tasks, a decision-making task, and self-report measures of craving, withdrawal, and mood. Results: During time reproduction, males overestimated time during abstinence compared to smoking, whereas there was no session effect for females. On the time discrimination task, smokers were less accurate during abstinence, and this effect tended to be stronger among females. In general, males had higher discounting rates compared with females, but there was no effect of abstinence. Conclusions: The current data suggest that the effect of abstinence on time perception may be stronger in males and that males generally exhibit steeper delay discounting rates. Time perception may be an important mechanism in smoking abstinence. Our future work will investigate the role of time perception in smoking relapse and whether this is moderated by sex.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Time Perception During Smoking Abstinence

Ashare

Kable

2015

Nicotine & Tobacco Research

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“…Participants then have to move the mouse cursor along the line to create a segment that best represents how long they perceive a certain time interval to be (Zauberman, Kim, Malkoc, & Bettan, 2009). Another version allows participants to stretch the line to a desired length, unlimited by the size of the screen, by means of a scroll bar , 2013. The extremes of the line are typically labeled with reference words, such as "very short^and "very long^(but see , 2013.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual differences in long-range time representation

Agostino

Caetano

Balcı

et al. 2017

Atten Percept Psychophys

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On the basis of experimental data, long-range time representation has been proposed to follow a highly compressed power function, which has been hypothesized to explain the time inconsistency found in financial discount rate preferences. The aim of this study was to evaluate how well linear and power function models explain empirical data from individual participants tested in different procedural settings. The line paradigm was used in five different procedural variations with 35 adult participants. Data aggregated over the participants showed that fitted linear functions explained more than 98% of the variance in all procedures. A linear regression fit also outperformed a power model fit for the aggregated data. An individual-participant-based analysis showed better fits of a linear model to the data of 14 participants; better fits of a power function with an exponent β > 1 to the data of 12 participants; and better fits of a power function with β < 1 to the data of the remaining nine participants. Of the 35 volunteers, the null hypothesis β = 1 was rejected for 20. The dispersion of the individual β values was approximated well by a normal distribution. These results suggest that, on average, humans perceive long-range time intervals not in a highly compressed, biased manner, but rather in a linear pattern. However, individuals differ considerably in their subjective time scales. This contribution sheds new light on the average and individual psychophysical functions of long-range time representation, and suggests that any attribution of deviation from exponential discount rates in intertemporal choice to the compressed nature of subjective time must entail the characterization of subjective time on an individual-participant basis.

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“…Scholars have argued that it is crucial to combine timing and intertemporal choice research (Lucci, 2013;Rung, Frye, DeHart, & Odum, 2019;Schultz, 2010;Wittmann & Paulus, 2008). In this paper, we have shown that accounting for subjects' timing helps to predict discounting, but only using variation in time perception to explain variance in short delay tasks and when timing and discounting are proximally assessed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Calendar time differs from its internal chronological perception (Ray & Bossaerts, 2011), called "biological time". In fact, because human time perception varies unpredictably from the calendar time, external observers who base their judgment on objective time, naturally call some people 'impulsive' while others 'patient' (Lucci, 2013). Supporting this intuitive link between sense of time and impulsivity, a handful of studies suggest that individual differences in timing modulate delay discounting behavior.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of the altered sense of time in the seconds-to-minute range with intertemporal choices across time-horizons.

Lukinova¹,

Erlich²

2020

Preprint

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Delay-discounting studies in neuroscience, psychology, and economics have been mostly focused on concepts of self-control, reward evaluation, and discounting. Another important relationship to consider is the link between intertemporal choice and time perception. We presented 50 college students with timing exercises on the range of seconds to minutes and intertemporal-choice tasks on both the time-scale of seconds and of days. We hypothesized that individual differences in time perception would influence decisions about short experienced delays but not long delays. While we found some evidence that individual differences in internal clock speed account for some unexplained variance between choices across time-horizons, overall our findings suggest a nominal contribution of the altered sense of time in intertemporal choice.

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Time, Self, and Intertemporal Choice

Cited by 16 publications

References 37 publications

Sex Differences in Time Perception During Smoking Abstinence

Sex Differences in Time Perception During Smoking Abstinence

Individual differences in long-range time representation

Association of the altered sense of time in the seconds-to-minute range with intertemporal choices across time-horizons.

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