Time-restricted feeding improves blood glucose and insulin sensitivity in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial

Che, Tingting; Cheng, Yan; Tian, Ding-Yuan; Zhang, Xin; Liu, Xuejun; Wu, Zhongming

doi:10.1186/s12986-021-00613-9

Cited by 61 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 43 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

130

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Table 1 summarises the four studies investigating TRE in people with type 2 diabetes identified through the literature search [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent randomised controlled trial (RCT), Che et al [ 20 ] investigated effects of 12 weeks 10 h TRE (8 a.m.–6 p.m.) in 120 people with overweight and type 2 diabetes. Approximately 70% of the participants used oral antidiabetic drugs (unspecified) and approximately 30% used insulin (unspecified) and they had no exclusion criteria regarding antidiabetic medication.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Approximately 70% of the participants used oral antidiabetic drugs (unspecified) and approximately 30% used insulin (unspecified) and they had no exclusion criteria regarding antidiabetic medication. Among several outcomes, they observed weight loss and a reduction in HbA 1c and use of antidiabetic medication, and no adverse or hypoglycaemic events in response to TRE [ 20 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most recent RCT by Che et al [ 20 ] observed a modest weight loss (3 kg) and improvements in HbA 1c , insulin resistance and self-rated quality of life as well as reductions in use of antidiabetic medication in response to 12 weeks of 10 h TRE. However, at baseline, participants had only moderate overweight (BMI: 26 kg/m 2 ) and a relatively short diabetes duration (5 years) and one could expect greater effects among people with a greater degree of adiposity and metabolic dysfunction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The generalisability of the studies might be limited as the groups of people with type 2 diabetes in these studies were quite homogeneous regarding age, use of antidiabetic drugs, and how well-regulated they were. The RCT by Che et al [ 20 ] included a larger sample size ( n = 120) but there is a need for larger studies including more heterogeneous groups of people in respect to age, sex, duration, and regulation of type 2 diabetes to investigate the general safety of TRE in a broader group of people with type 2 diabetes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Is Time-Restricted Eating Safe in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes?—A Review of Intervention Studies

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Time-restricted eating (TRE) has been shown to improve body weight and glucose metabolism in people at high risk of type 2 diabetes. However, the safety of TRE in the treatment of type 2 diabetes is unclear. We investigated the safety of TRE interventions in people with type 2 diabetes by identifying published and ongoing studies. Moreover, we identified the commonly used antidiabetic drugs and discussed the safety of TRE in people with type 2 diabetes considering the use of these drugs. In addition, we addressed the research needed before TRE can be recommended in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. A literature search was conducted to identify published (MEDLINE PubMed, 17 November 2021) and ongoing studies (ClinicalTrials.gov, 21 December 2021) on TRE in people with type 2 diabetes. To assess the usage of antidiabetic drugs and to discuss pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics in a TRE context, the most used antidiabetic drugs were identified and analysed. Statistics regarding sale of pharmaceuticals were obtained from MEDSTAT.DK which are based on data from the national Register of Medicinal Product Statistics, and from published studies on medication use in different countries. Four published studies investigating TRE in people with type 2 diabetes were identified as well as 14 ongoing studies. The completed studies suggested that TRE is safe among people with type 2 diabetes. Common antidiabetic drugs between 2010 and 2019 were metformin, insulin, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, sulfonylureas, and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors. Existing studies suggest that TRE is not associated with major safety issues in people with type 2 diabetes as long as medication is monitored and adjusted. However, because of low generalisability of the few studies available, more studies are needed to make concrete recommendations regarding efficacy and safety of TRE in people with type 2 diabetes.

show abstract

“…Table 1 summarises the four studies investigating TRE in people with type 2 diabetes identified through the literature search [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Is Time-Restricted Eating Safe in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes?—A Review of Intervention Studies

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Effectiveness of Early Time-Restricted Eating for Weight Loss, Fat Loss, and Cardiometabolic Health in Adults With Obesity

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IMPORTANCEIt is unclear how effective intermittent fasting is for losing weight and body fat, and the effects may depend on the timing of the eating window. This randomized trial compared time-restricted eating (TRE) with eating over a period of 12 or more hours while matching weight-loss counseling across groups.OBJECTIVE To determine whether practicing TRE by eating early in the day (eTRE) is more effective for weight loss, fat loss, and cardiometabolic health than eating over a period of 12 or more hours. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSThe study was a 14-week, parallel-arm, randomized clinical trial conducted between August 2018 and April 2020. Participants were adults aged 25 to 75 years with obesity and who received weight-loss treatment through the Weight Loss Medicine Clinic at the University of Alabama at Birmingham Hospital.INTERVENTIONS All participants received weight-loss treatment (energy restriction [ER]) and were randomized to eTRE plus ER (8-hour eating window from 7:00 to 15:00) or control eating (CON) plus ER (Ն12-hour window). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESThe co-primary outcomes were weight loss and fat loss. Secondary outcomes included blood pressure, heart rate, glucose levels, insulin levels, and plasma lipid levels.RESULTS Ninety participants were enrolled (mean [SD] body mass index, 39.6 [6.7]; age, 43 [11] years; 72 [80%] female). The eTRE+ER group adhered 6.0 (0.8) days per week. The eTRE+ER intervention was more effective for losing weight (−2.3 kg; 95% CI, −3.7 to −0.9 kg; P = .002) but did not affect body fat (−1.4 kg; 95% CI, −2.9 to 0.2 kg; P = .09) or the ratio of fat loss to weight loss (−4.2%; 95% CI, −14.9 to 6.5%; P = .43). The effects of eTRE+ER were equivalent to reducing calorie intake by an additional 214 kcal/d. The eTRE+ER intervention also improved diastolic blood pressure (−4 mm Hg; 95% CI, −8 to 0 mm Hg; P = .04) and mood disturbances, including fatigue-inertia, vigor-activity, and depression-dejection. All other cardiometabolic risk factors, food intake, physical activity, and sleep outcomes were similar between groups. In a secondary analysis of 59 completers, eTRE+ER was also more effective for losing body fat and trunk fat than CON+ER. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEIn this randomized clinical trial, eTRE was more effective for losing weight and improving diastolic blood pressure and mood than eating over a window of 12 or more hours at 14 weeks.TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03459703

show abstract

Effect of Time-Restricted Eating on Weight Loss in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes

Pavlou,

Cienfuegos,

Lin

et al. 2023

JAMA Netw Open

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ImportanceTime-restricted eating (TRE) has become increasingly popular, yet longer-term randomized clinical trials have not evaluated its efficacy and safety in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).ObjectiveTo determine whether TRE is more effective for weight reduction and glycemic control than daily calorie restriction (CR) or a control condition in adults with T2D.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis 6-month, parallel-group, randomized clinical trial was performed between January 25, 2022, and April 1, 2023, at the University of Illinois Chicago. Participants were aged 18 to 80 years with obesity and T2D. Data analysis was based on intention to treat.InterventionsParticipants were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: 8-hour TRE (eating 12 to 8 pm only, without calorie counting), CR (25% energy restriction daily), or control.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome measure was change in body weight by month 6. Secondary outcomes included changes in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and metabolic risk factors.ResultsSeventy-five participants were enrolled with a mean (SD) age of 55 (12) years. The mean (SD) body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) was 39 (7) and the mean (SD) HbA1c level was 8.1% (1.6%). A total of 53 participants (71%) were women. One participant (1%) was Asian, 30 (40%) were Hispanic White, 40 (53%) were non-Hispanic Black, and 4 (5%) were non-Hispanic White. Participants in the TRE group were adherent with their eating window on a mean (SD) of 6.1 (0.8) days per week, and 17 (68%) in the CR group were adherent with their prescribed calorie goals over 6 months. The mean (SD) reduction in energy intake was −313 (509) kcal/d for TRE, −197 (426) kcal/d for CR, and −16 (439) kcal/d for controls. By month 6, body weight decreased significantly in the TRE group (−3.56% [95% CI, −5.92% to −1.20%]; P = .004) but not the CR group (−1.78% [95% CI, −3.67% to 0.11%]; P = .06), relative to controls. Levels of HbA1c decreased in the TRE (−0.91% [95% CI, −1.61% to −0.20%]) and CR (−0.94% [95% CI, −1.59% to −0.30%]) groups, relative to controls, with no differences between the TRE and CR groups. Time in euglycemic range, medication effect score, blood pressure, and plasma lipid levels did not differ among groups. No serious adverse events were reported.Conclusions and relevanceThis randomized clinical trial found that a TRE diet strategy without calorie counting was effective for weight loss and lowering of HbA1c levels compared with daily calorie counting in a sample of adults with T2D. These findings will need to be confirmed by larger RCTs with longer follow-up.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05225337

show abstract

Time-restricted feeding improves blood glucose and insulin sensitivity in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial

Cited by 61 publications

References 43 publications

Is Time-Restricted Eating Safe in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes?—A Review of Intervention Studies

Is Time-Restricted Eating Safe in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes?—A Review of Intervention Studies

Effectiveness of Early Time-Restricted Eating for Weight Loss, Fat Loss, and Cardiometabolic Health in Adults With Obesity

Effect of Time-Restricted Eating on Weight Loss in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About