Time-resolved TALIF measurements of temperature and CO density in an NRP discharge

Maillard, Jean; Pannier, Erwan; Laux, Christophe O.

doi:10.2514/6.2022-2368

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In the context of CO 2 conversion, as explored in this experimental study, NRP discharges are far from established. A literature review reveals particular interest in dry reforming of methane (CO 2 + CH 4 ) [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], strong dilution in noble gases (CO 2 + He/Ar), facilitating discharge ignition and stability [21][22][23], and lastly pure CO 2 NRP discharges potentially with additional probe molecules for diagnostic purposes [24][25][26][27][28]. When exposing CO 2 to a NRP discharge, strong molecular excitation, appreciably of vibrations, is observed that can promote the molecule's decomposition [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanosecond repetitively pulsed plasmas with MHz bursts for CO₂ dissociation

Post,

Budde,

Vervloedt

et al. 2024

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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A novel pulsed power source capable of nanosecond pulses with burst frequencies up to 1MHz is employed to createatmospheric pressure pulsed plasma in pure CO2 gas. The short bursts contain up to four nanosecond pulses. The CO2 conversion and corresponding energy efficiency are measured ex-situ with Fourier-transform infrared absorption spectroscopy. Trends in the absorption line profile of in-situ quantum cascade laser infrared absorption spectroscopy indicate an elevated vibrational temperature of CO2 with an increasing number of pulses per burst. The key result of this paper is that the dissociation energy efficiency is higher when operating the plasma in burst mode. Furthermore, a larger number of pulses in a burst is associated with a further increase of the dissociation efficiency. The highest efficiency measured is (17.7 ± 0.3)% for single pulses spaced 2 ms apart, and (20.0±0.3)% for bursts of three pulses, with an in-burst frequency of 1MHz and bursts spaced 4 ms apart.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanosecond repetitively pulsed plasmas with MHz bursts for CO₂ dissociation

Post,

Budde,

Vervloedt

et al. 2024

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…They can be operated at conditions higher than atmospheric pressure for even greater reactant throughput. Studies of the dissociation of CO 2 mixtures using NRP discharges has been previously reported [25][26][27][28][29]. However, few prior studies exist on the splitting of pure CO 2 beyond atmospheric pressure conditions, where pressure-dependent decomposition and following quenching strategies such as mixing or cooling [30] are critical.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-pressure CO₂ dissociation with nanosecond pulsed discharges

Yong,

Zhong,

Pannier

et al. 2023

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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We investigate the conversion of CO2 into CO and O2 with nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharges (NRP) in a high-pressure batch reactor. Stable discharges are obtained at up to 12 bar. By-products are measured with gas chromatography. The energy efficiency is determined for a range of processing times, pulse energy, and fill pressures. It is only weakly sensitive to the plasma operating parameters, i.e, the extent of CO2 conversion is almost linearly-dependent on the specific energy invested. A conversion rate as high as 14% is achieved with an energy efficiency of 23%. For long processing times, a saturation in the yield and a drop in efficiency are observed, due to the increasing role of three-body recombination reactions, as described by zero-dimensional detailed kinetic modeling. The modeling reveals the presence of three-stage kinetics between NRP pulses, controlled by electron-impact CO2 dissociation, vibrational relaxation, and neutral elementary kinetics. Transport effects are shown to be important for CO2 conversion at high pressures. For fill pressures beyond 10 bar, CO2 may locally transit into supercritical states. The supercritical plasma kinetics may bypass atomic oxygen pathways and directly convert CO2 into O2. This work provides a detailed analysis into plasma-based high-pressure CO2 conversion, which is of great relevance to future large-scale sustainable carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS).

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“…Higher temperatures up to 10,000 K are obtained in industrial plasma torches [3], arc-jets [4], continuous arc discharges utilized for carbon nanotube synthesis [5,6], and transient discharges for ignition of internal combustion engines [7,8]. Shorter-duration arc-type discharges of several nanoseconds, employed notably for research on CO 2 conversion and plasma-assisted combustion, can present core temperatures from 1000s to 10,000s of kelvin [8][9][10][11][12]. Finally, hypersonic flows generate shock layers with temperatures in the range of 5000-10,000 K during planetary entry [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within the multitude of environments aforementioned, carbon monoxide (CO) is commonly generated via oxidation of carbon or dissociation of CO 2 , rendering CO an attractive optical target for gas measurements. Prior sensing of CO concentration and temperature above 3500 K has involved optical emission spectroscopy (OES), demonstrated in arc-like discharges [8][9][10][11][12], plasma torches [15,17], and shock tubes [16,18,19]. Emission diagnostics are well-suited to probe highly radiative sources but require optical calibration for quantitative interpretation, particularly for speciation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-line Boltzmann regression for near-electronvolt temperature and CO sensing via MHz-rate infrared laser absorption spectroscopy

et al. 2022

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A mid-infrared laser absorption technique is developed for sensing of temperature and carbon monoxide (CO) number density from 2000 K to above 9000 K. To resolve multiple rovibrational lines, a distributedfeedback quantum cascade laser (DFB-QCL) is modulated across 80% of its current range using a trapezoidal waveform via a bias-tee circuit. The laser attains a spectral scan depth of 1 cm −1 , at a scan frequency of 1 MHz, which allows for simultaneous measurements of four isolated CO transitions near 2011 cm −1 (4.97 µm) with lower-state energies spanning 3,000 to 42,000 cm −1 . The number density and temperature are calculated using a Boltzmann regression of the four population fractions. This method leverages the information contained in each transition and yields a lower uncertainty than using a single line pair. The sensor is validated in shock tube experiments over a wide range of temperatures and pressures (2300-8100 K, 0.3-3 atm). Measurements behind reflected shock waves are compared to a kinetic model of CO dissociation up to 9310 K and are shown to recover equilibrium conditions. The high temperature range of the sensor is able to resolve rapid species and temperature evolution at near electronvolt conditions making it suitable for investigations of high-speed flows, plasma applications, and high-pressure detonations.

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Time-resolved TALIF measurements of temperature and CO density in an NRP discharge

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Nanosecond repetitively pulsed plasmas with MHz bursts for CO₂ dissociation

Nanosecond repetitively pulsed plasmas with MHz bursts for CO₂ dissociation

High-pressure CO₂ dissociation with nanosecond pulsed discharges

Multi-line Boltzmann regression for near-electronvolt temperature and CO sensing via MHz-rate infrared laser absorption spectroscopy

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Time-resolved TALIF measurements of temperature and CO density in an NRP discharge

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Nanosecond repetitively pulsed plasmas with MHz bursts for CO2 dissociation

Nanosecond repetitively pulsed plasmas with MHz bursts for CO2 dissociation

High-pressure CO2 dissociation with nanosecond pulsed discharges

Multi-line Boltzmann regression for near-electronvolt temperature and CO sensing via MHz-rate infrared laser absorption spectroscopy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Nanosecond repetitively pulsed plasmas with MHz bursts for CO₂ dissociation

Nanosecond repetitively pulsed plasmas with MHz bursts for CO₂ dissociation

High-pressure CO₂ dissociation with nanosecond pulsed discharges