Time-resolved quantitative evaluation of diaphragmatic motion during forced breathing in a health screening cohort in a standing position: Dynamic chest phrenicography

Abstract

To assess diaphragmatic motion during forced breathing in a health screening center cohort by timeresolved quantitative analysis using dynamic chest radiography and demonstrate the characteristics and associations with demographics and pulmonary function of participants. Materials and methods: This prospective study includes 174 volunteers (99 males; median 57, range 36-93 years old) that underwent dynamic chest radiography with a flat panel detector system during forced breathing in a standing position. We automatically tracked and recorded the positions of the top of the diaphragms and the excursions on images of each participant and calculated peak motion speeds based on the data. We investigated the associations with demographics and pulmonary function statistically. Results: The average excursions of the diaphragms during forced breathing were 49.1 ± 17.0 mm (right; mean ± standard deviation) and 52.1 ± 15.9 mm (left). The peak motion speeds were 26.7 ± 10.0 mm/s (right) and 32.2 ± 12.4 mm/s (left) in the inspiratory phase and 22.1 ± 12.7 mm/s (right) and 24.3 ± 10.3 mm/s (left) in the expiratory phase. Excursions and peak motion speeds of the left diaphragm were significantly greater than the right. Higher body mass index (BMI) and vital capacity (VC) were associated with greater excursions and faster peak motion speeds of the diaphragms. Conclusions: Time-resolved quantitative analysis of the diaphragms with dynamic chest radiography demonstrated the characteristics of diaphragmatic motion during forced breathing in a health screening cohort. Higher BMI and VC were associated with excursions and peak motion speeds of the diaphragms.

Projected lung areas using dynamic X-ray (DXR)

“…Recently, dynamic X-ray (DXR) with flat-panel detector (FPD) enabled to evaluate pulmonary functions such as blood flow and diaphragm motion [ [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] ]. CT also has the potential; however, chest radiograph is simpler and less expensive.…”

Breathing Signature as Vitality Score Index Created by Exercises of Qigong: Implications of Artificial Intelligence Tools Used in Traditional Chinese Medicine

“…Qigong breathing practices not only mediate a reduction in the inflammatory but also enhance anti-inflammatory gene expression [14]. Such Qigong-style profound breathing effects upon pulmonary function exhibited statistically improved body mass index (BMI) and vital capacity (VC), as shown by the time-resolved quantitative analysis of diaphragm motion with dynamic chest radiography in a cohort of 174 patients [15]. Qigong breathing exercises offer promising efficacy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as shown in randomized, controlled pilot studies.…”

Dynamic chest radiography: clinical validation of ventilation and perfusion metrics derived from changes in radiographic lung density compared to nuclear medicine imaging

“…DCR provides a large amount of functional information on rib and diaphragm motion, cardiac motion, pulmonary ventilation, and perfusion. Several studies have reported potential clinical use for DCR (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28), focusing on motion analysis of lung structures. Notably, pulmonary ventilation and perfusion are reflected as time changes in radiographic lung density on DCR images.…”