Time-resolved laser-induced breakdown spectrometry of aerosols

Radziemski, Leon J.; Loree, Thomas R.; Cremers, David A.; Hoffman, N. M.

doi:10.1021/ac00259a016

Cited by 403 publications

(176 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…21,22 The last 26 years have witnessed the results of the efforts made by a number of companies and research laboratories towards the development of commercial instruments, of new applications and of theoretical models providing a profound insight into the fundamentals of LIBS and associated phenomena. In the last decade, for instance, the number of papers related to fundamentals and applications of LIBS reached about 600.…”

Section: Historical Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…159 The use of gating detection in LIBS led to the appearance of the term TRELIBS. 21 However, nowadays, its use has decreased since gating detection has became more common in LIBS. Gating detection, using IPAD, ICCD or gated CCD, provides control of not only the delay time, but also the time for signal integration after the detection begins, called integration time gate, improving the analytical signal.…”

Section: Detecting Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Pasquini¹,

Cortez²,

Silva³

et al. 2007

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

342

195

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Esta revisão descreve os aspectos fundamentais, a instrumentação, as aplicações e tendências futuras de uma técnica analítica que se encontra em seu estágio de consolidação e que está em vias de estabelecer o seu nicho entre as técnicas espectrofotométricas modernas. A técnica é denominada Espectroscopia de Emissão em Plasma Induzido por Laser (em inglês, Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, LIBS) e sua principal característica está no uso de pulsos de laser como fonte de energia para vaporizar a amostra e excitar a emissão de radiação eletromagnética, a partir de seus elementos e/ou fragmentos moleculares. A radiação emitida é analisada por meio de instrumentos ópticos de alta resolução e as suas intensidades são medidas, usualmente com detectores rápidos de estado sólido. Em conjunto, esses dispositivos permitem a geração e a medida de um espectro de emissão de faixa ampla do fenômeno induzido pelo pulso de laser. O espectro registrado contém informação qualitativa e quantitativa que pode ser correlacionada com a identidade da amostra ou empregada na determinação da quantidade de seus constituintes. Essa revisão é dividida em quatro partes. A primeira aborda aspectos históricos da técnica e os conceitos teóricos relevantes associados com LIBS; então, os aspectos práticos de diversas abordagens experimentais e instrumentais empregadas na implementação da técnica são revistos de forma crítica; as aplicações encontradas na literatura, incluindo aquelas que empregam quimiometria, são classificadas e exemplificadas por meio de trabalhos relevantes recentemente publicados. Finalmente, uma tentativa de estabelecer uma avaliação global e as perspectivas futuras para a técnica é apresentada.This review describes the fundamentals, instrumentation, applications and future trends of an analytical technique that is in its early stages of consolidation and is establishing its definitive niches among modern spectrometric techniques. The technique has been named Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and its main characteristic stands in the use of short laser pulses as the energy source to vaporize samples and excite the emission of electromagnetic radiation from its elements and/or molecular fragments. The emitted radiation is analyzed by high resolution optics and the intensities are recorded, usually by fast triggered solid state detectors. Together, these devices allow producing and registering a wide ranging emission spectrum of the short-lived phenomenon induced by the laser pulse. The spectrum contains qualitative and quantitative information which can be correlated with sample identity or can be used to determine the amount of its constituents. This review is divided in four parts. First, the relevant historical and theoretical concepts associated with LIBS are presented; then the main practical aspects of the several experimental and instrumental approaches employed for implementation of the technique are critically described; the applications related in the literature, including those making use of chemometri...

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Section: Historical Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Detecting Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Pasquini¹,

Cortez²,

Silva³

et al. 2007

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

342

195

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Plasma formation on flowing jet liquids [3][4][5], inside bubbles [6], on liquid droplets [7][8], on aerosols formed by nebulization [9,10] or by electro-spray ionization [11,12], on samples in which physical conditions are changed by freezing [13,14] or by chemical derivatization [15][16][17][18], liquids adsorbed on solid substrates [19][20][21][22][23] or on sol-gels [24] and use of sequential laser pulses [25][26][27][28][29] are some of the efforts devoted in the last decade to increase the analytical capability of the LIBS technique for liquids analysis. Also, filtration based approaches, collection of the suspended particles like pollen, bacteria, fungi and viruses on filters enabled analysis of biological materials in water [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopic method for ultra-trace determination of Cu, Mn, Cd and Pb metals in aqueous droplets after drying

Aras

Yalçın

2016

Talanta

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Keywords:Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy Liquid droplet analysis Oxidized silicon wafer substrate (Si þ SiO 2 ) a b s t r a c tThe present study reports a fast and accurate methodology for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopic, LIBS, analysis of aqueous samples for environmental monitoring purposes. This methodology has two important attributes: one is the use of a 300 nm oxide coated silicon wafer substrate (Siþ SiO 2 ) for the first time for manual injection of 0.5 microliter aqueous metal solutions, and two is the use of high energy laser pulses focused outside the minimum focus position of a plano convex lens at which relatively large laser beam spot covers the entire droplet area for plasma formation. Optimization of instrumental LIBS parameters like detector delay time, gate width and laser energy has been performed to maximize atomic emission signal of target analytes; Cu, Mn, Cd and Pb. Under the optimal conditions, calibration curves were constructed and enhancements in the LIBS emission signal were obtained compared to the results of similar studies given in the literature. The analytical capability of the LIBS technique in liquid analysis has been improved. Absolute detection limits of 1.3 pg Cu, 3.3 pg Mn, 79 pg Cd and 48 pg Pb in 0.5 microliter volume of droplets were obtained from single shot analysis of five sequential droplets. The applicability of the proposed methodology to real water samples was tested on the Certified Reference Material, Trace Metals in Drinking Water, CRM-TMDW and on ICP multi-element standard samples. The accuracy of the method was found at a level of minimum 92% with relative standard deviations of at most 20%. Results suggest that 300 nm oxide coated silicon wafer has an excellent potential to be used as a substrate for direct analysis of contaminants in water supplies by LIBS and further research, development and engineering will increase the performance and applicability of the methodology.

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“…No sample preparation is necessary for LIBS, making it a very popular technique in many applications that include environmental monitoring [10][11][12], material analysis [13], forensics [14], characterization of fossils [15], biological identification [16,12], analysis of works of art [17], and space exploration [18,19]. Though the applications of LIBS are vast, LIBS suffers a disadvantage in sensitivity when compared to other spectroscopy techniques, such as inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) [20][21][22][23][24]. Double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (DP-LIBS) is typically used to improve sensitivity compared to single-pulse LIBS (SP-LIBS) [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of atmosphere on collinear double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Effenberger

Scott

2011

Anal Bioanal Chem

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Double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (DP-LIBS) has been shown to enhance LIBS spectra. Several researchers have reported significant increases in signal-to-noise (S/N) and/or spectral intensity compared to single-pulse (SP) LIBS. In addition to DP-LIBS, atmospheric conditions can also increase sensitivity. Thus, in this study, a collinear DP-LIBS scheme was used along with manipulation of the atmospheric conditions. The DP-LIBS scheme consisted of an initial 45 mJ pulse at 1064 nm fired into a sample contained in a controlled atmospheric/vacuum chamber. A second analytical 45 mJ pulse at 1064 nm was then fired 0 to 200 μs after and along the same path of the first pulse. Ar, He, and air at pressures ranging from atmospheric pressure to 1 Torr are introduced during DP-LIBS and SP-LIBS experiments. For a brass sample, significant increases in the spectral intensities of Cu and Zn lines were observed in DP-LIBS under Ar compared to DP-LIBS in air. It was also found that Cu and Zn lines acquired with SP-LIBS in Ar are nearly as intense as DP-LIBS in air. While collinear DP-LIBS is effective for increasing the sensitivity for some reduced atmospheres (i.e., Ar and air at 630 to 100 Torr and He at 300 Torr), the enhanced spectral intensity ultimately dropped off as the pressure was reduced below 10 Torr for all atmospheric compositions in the experimental arrangement used in this study. At all pressures of air and Ar, the plasma temperature remained rather constant with increased inter-pulse delays; however, the plasma temperature was more variable for different He gas pressures and inter-pulse delays.

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Time-resolved laser-induced breakdown spectrometry of aerosols

Cited by 403 publications

References 20 publications

Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Development and validation of a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopic method for ultra-trace determination of Cu, Mn, Cd and Pb metals in aqueous droplets after drying

Effect of atmosphere on collinear double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

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