Time-Resolved Behavior of Unburned Hydrocarbon Components in Diesel Exhaust Under Transient Operations

Raihan, Khandoker Abu; Takimoto, Fumito; Ogawa, Hideyuki; Miyamoto, Noboru

doi:10.4271/2001-01-1259

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It is obvious that the lower the ambient temperature, the less the chance the engine has to start. Zahdeh, Henein and Bryzik [41] verified this behavior in a single-cylinder direct injection (DI) engine, which had a compression ratio of 17 and a total piston displacement of 673 cm 3 . The testing was done at an ambient temperature of 263 K and the engine was observed to operate on an 8-stroke-cycle (where combustion failed every second cycle) and on a 12-stroke-cycle (where combustion failed in two consecutive cycles after a firing cycle).…”

Section: Ambient Temperaturementioning

confidence: 95%

“…Cold start problems in diesel engines include long cranking periods, the emission of large amounts of unburned hydrocarbons (HCs), which appear as white smoke, unstable combustion and even complete failure of the engine to start [1][2][3][4]. Many studies have shown that the parameters that impact autoignition during cranking include residuals composition, equivalence ratio, surface temperature and the inlet charge temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, long cranking periods, the emission of large amounts of unburned hydrocarbons (HCs) which appear as white smoke, unstable combustion and even complete engine failure to start [1][2][3][4] are considered as major problems that need to be solved.…”

Section: Chapter 1 Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Opposing effects of recirculated gases during cranking on cold start of diesel engines

Rofail

Henein

Bryzik

2011

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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The effect of recirculating engine-out gases into the intake manifold on the cold start of direct-injection diesel engines is investigated. Two types of recirculation are examined. The first is low-pressure recirculation of engine-out gases into the intake manifold where their rate is controlled by a gas recirculation (GR) valve installed between the exhaust and intake manifold. The second is high-pressure recirculation by restricting the flow of the engine-out gases using a butterfly (BF) valve, installed in the exhaust system after the turbocharger to increase the back pressure and the rate of recirculated gases. Since there is no combustion during cranking, these gases contain evaporated hydrocarbons and partial oxidation products, mostly formaldehyde (HCHO). Experimental investigations on a four-cylinder direct-injection diesel engine indicated that high rates of cranking gas recirculation (CGR) increase the ignition delay and lengthen the cranking period. Since higher concentrations of hydrocarbons (HC) are expected to enhance the autoignition process, it is suspected that the recirculated HCHO would have an opposite effect. These opposing effects are investigated using the ChemKin diesel cycle simulation model. The model results demonstrated the effect of HCHO on slowing the autoignition and combustion reactions.

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Section: Ambient Temperaturementioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Opposing effects of recirculated gases during cranking on cold start of diesel engines

Rofail

Henein

Bryzik

2011

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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“…Wide attention has been paid on the diesel engine emissions as the application of the diesel engine on the vehicle is becoming more and more popular. Emissions under the cold-start conditions are considered as significant in the overall emissions. − Bielaczyc et al , investigated exhaust emissions during cold and hot start on a direct-injection (DI) diesel engine. They found that in the case of cold start, 53% of particulate matter (PM) and 41% of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons (HCs) of total emissions for 3 min of idle operation were emitted during the first 60 s of engine operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Inlet Port Auxiliary Fuel Injection on the Startability of the Diesel Engine

Liu¹,

Su²,

Han³

et al. 2009

Energy Fuels

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The incomplete combustion and misfire of the diesel engine during the cold start may result in high hydrocarbon (HC) emissions. The effects of the auxiliary fuel injection of ether, CO, and propane on the start ignition behavior and exhaust emissions were studied in this paper. The results indicated that proper auxiliary fuel injection can promote the ignition and improve the combustion performance. Besides the good volatility, the ignitability of auxiliary fuel is also one of the most important factors that can improve the startability of the diesel engine. Propane and CO injections have negative effects on the ignitability of the start. Propane and CO injections deteriorate combustion and increase the HC emissions. When a proper amount of ether is injected into the intake port, the ignition during the start can be improved and the misfiring as well as incomplete combustion cycles are eliminated. As a result, the HC emissions decrease and particulate matter (PM) emissions reduce by more than 60%.

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“…The increasingly serious air pollution problems facing the world justify that we can no longer just simply study only the steady-state emission conditions. The Europe has already formulated the European I, II, IV transient cycle emission regulations; The U.S. has also formulated the EPA transient circulation and regulations in order to limit vehicle emissions [4,5].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Vehicle Engine Transient Emissions

Hou

et al. 2011

AMM

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In this paper, the transient emissions from vehicle engines was studied, measurement methods and corrections required for higher precision measurements of transient indirect emissions was discussed. Various operating conditions such as cold start, constant torque increasing speed, constant torque reducing speed emissions were considered and the corresponding emission characteristics were obtained and analyzed.

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Time-Resolved Behavior of Unburned Hydrocarbon Components in Diesel Exhaust Under Transient Operations

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

Opposing effects of recirculated gases during cranking on cold start of diesel engines

Opposing effects of recirculated gases during cranking on cold start of diesel engines

Effects of Inlet Port Auxiliary Fuel Injection on the Startability of the Diesel Engine

Study of Vehicle Engine Transient Emissions

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