Time-related morphometric studies of neurofilaments in brain contusions

Kobek, Mariusz; Jankowski, Zbigniew; Szala, J.; Gąszczyk-Ożarowski, Zbigniew; Pałasz, Artur; Skowronek, Rafał

doi:10.5114/fn.2016.58915

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…However, studies investigating NfL in patients with isolated TBI have seen the same steady rise in NfL over time postinjury [ 14 , 19 ], with an initial increase, presumably due to early brain injury and concomitant neuronal destruction. In line with our findings, neurofilament immunoreactivity in the injured region was found to be strongly decreased in brain tissue until 7 days after TBI [ 20 ], suggesting a breakdown of the neuronal cytoskeleton and the subsequent release of structural proteins such as neurofilaments into the systemic circulation. The gradual increase in our cohort, with the highest levels after 10 days, even in non-TBI patients, however, may be caused by secondary effects after injury leading to delayed neuroaxonal degeneration, e.g., by iron toxicity, oxidative stress, lagged ischemia, and/or general inflammation [ 21 , 22 , 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Neurochemical Monitoring of Traumatic Brain Injury by the Combined Analysis of Plasma Beta-Synuclein, NfL, and GFAP in Polytraumatized Patients

Halbgebauer

Oeckl

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a major determining factor of outcome in severely injured patients. However, reliable brain-damage-monitoring markers are still missing. We therefore assessed brain-specific beta-synuclein as a novel blood biomarker of synaptic damage and measured the benchmarks neurofilament light chain (NfL), as a neuroaxonal injury marker, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), as an astroglial injury marker, in patients after polytrauma with and without TBI. Compared to healthy volunteers, plasma NfL, beta-synuclein, and GFAP were significantly increased after polytrauma. The markers demonstrated highly distinct time courses, with beta-synuclein and GFAP peaking early and NfL concentrations gradually elevating during the 10-day observation period. Correlation analyses revealed a distinct influence of the extent of extracranial hemorrhage and the severity of head injury on biomarker concentrations. A combined analysis of beta-synuclein and GFAP effectively discriminated between polytrauma patients with and without TBI, despite the comparable severity of injury. Furthermore, we found a good predictive performance for fatal outcome by employing the initial plasma concentrations of NfL, beta-synuclein, and GFAP. Our findings suggest a high diagnostic value of neuronal injury markers reflecting distinct aspects of neuronal injury for the diagnosis of TBI in the complex setting of polytrauma, especially in clinical surroundings with limited imaging opportunities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Neurochemical Monitoring of Traumatic Brain Injury by the Combined Analysis of Plasma Beta-Synuclein, NfL, and GFAP in Polytraumatized Patients

Halbgebauer

Oeckl

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…In our previous article, we verified usefulness of morphometric evaluation of neurofilaments, structural proteins of the nerve cell, for the determination of the age of brain contusions in human postmortem material [13]. The present paper continues these studies.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…To evaluate time-dependent progression of lesions, the Met-Ilo application, developed at the Institute of Materials Science of the Silesian University of Technology [24], was used for morphometric analysis. Usability of the above-mentioned software was confirmed by our previous study [13]. Full-colour photomicrographs, taken at 200-fold magnifications with the AxioCam Erc 5s camera, were evaluated in the Carl Zeiss Scope A1 light microscope.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…To sum up, while the results of Kruskal-Wallis analysis allow to conclude that numbers of blood vessels are significantly different in the first seven days after the head trauma, significance levels of specific sample pairs, as calculated by Dunn's test, are not statistically significant. Thus, morphometric analysis of the CD34 expression in the contused sites has shown that the proposed method is of no considerable value in determination of the age of brain contusions as opposed to morphometric analysis of neurofilaments [13]. This is caused by major disparities between dynamism of angiogenesis and dynamism of synthesis of structural proteins of nerve cells.…”

Section: A B C Dmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Time-related morphometric studies on CD34 protein expression in the cerebral blood vessels after fatal brain contusions

Kobek¹,

Jankowski²,

Szala³

et al. 2018

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In our previous work, we have discussed the importance of neurofilaments in determination of the age of brain contusions. The purpose of this paper is to examine a possibility of angiogenesis-related assessment of the age of brain contusions by means of morphometric analysis of the CD34 expression in the contused sites. The researched material comprised 90 cases divided into nine groups according to the time of death: immediately on the spot, 12 hours, 24 hours, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, and 7 days after the head trauma. Immunohistochemically stained CD34 antigen was evaluated quantitatively with the Met-Ilo application. The results were then tested statistically for any regularities. Generally, there was a tendency to increase both the number of blood vessels and blood vessels area fraction in time. The results of Kruskal-Wallis analysis showed that numbers of blood vessels were significantly different in the first seven days after the head trauma, but significance levels of specific sample pairs, as calculated by Dunn's test, were not statistically significant. Thus, the conclusion is that the proposed method is of no considerable value in determination of the age of brain contusions.

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Forensic neuropathology in the past decade: a scoping literature review

Oura

Hakkarainen

Sajantila

2023

Forensic Sci Med Pathol

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While there has been notable research activity in the field of clinical neuropathology over the recent years, forensic approaches have been less frequent. This scoping literature review explored original research on forensic neuropathology over the past decade (January 1, 2010, until February 12, 2022) using the MEDLINE database. The aims were to (1) analyze the volume of research on the topic, (2) describe meta-level attributes and sample characteristics, and (3) summarize key research themes and methods. Of 5053 initial hits, 2864 fell within the target timeframe, and 122 were included in the review. Only 3–17 articles were published per year globally. Most articles originated from the Europe (39.3%) and Asia (36.1%) and were published in forensic journals (57.4%). A median sample included 57 subjects aged between 16 and 80 years. The most common research theme was traumatic intracranial injury (24.6%), followed by anatomy (12.3%) and substance abuse (11.5%). Key methods included immunotechniques (31.1%) and macroscopic observation (21.3%). Although a number of novel findings were reported, most were of preliminary nature and will require further validation. In order to reach breakthroughs and validate novel tools for routine use, more research input is urged from researchers across the world. It would be necessary to ensure appropriate sample sizes and make use of control groups.

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Time-related morphometric studies of neurofilaments in brain contusions

Abstract: A b s t r a c t

Cited by 7 publications

References 23 publications

Neurochemical Monitoring of Traumatic Brain Injury by the Combined Analysis of Plasma Beta-Synuclein, NfL, and GFAP in Polytraumatized Patients

Neurochemical Monitoring of Traumatic Brain Injury by the Combined Analysis of Plasma Beta-Synuclein, NfL, and GFAP in Polytraumatized Patients

Time-related morphometric studies on CD34 protein expression in the cerebral blood vessels after fatal brain contusions

Forensic neuropathology in the past decade: a scoping literature review

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