Time-related changes in suicide attempts after the nuclear accident in Fukushima

Aoki, Yuta; Okada, Megumi; Inokuchi, Ryota; Matsumoto, Akinori; Kumada, Yoshibumi; Yokoyama, Hideyuki; Ishida, Toshiro; Saito, Itaru; Ito, Humihito; Sato, Hajime; Tomio, Jun; Shinohara, Kazuhiko; Thornicroft, Graham

doi:10.1007/s00127-014-0903-3

Cited by 11 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The other common risk factors included age ( 10 , 22 , 23 , 26 , 27 , 31 , 38 , 39 ), low social support ( 17 , 21 , 26 – 28 , 33 , 34 , 36 ) and injury to the person, his family or the relatives ( 14 , 21 , 30 , 31 , 37 , 40 , 41 ), mentioned in nine, eight and seven studies, respectively. Depression was studied in six articles ( 10 , 26 – 28 , 30 , 33 ), PTSD in six articles ( 26 – 28 , 31 , 32 , 42 ), economic status ( 20 , 21 , 26 , 39 ), and loss of family and relatives, each in four articles ( 28 , 30 , 31 , 34 ), damages to the homes and the properties ( 30 , 37 , 38 ), and lack of recovery services, each in three articles ( 25 , 26 , 39 ), unemployment, ( 19 , 39 ) low education ( 26 , 31 ), and the number of victims in two articles each ( 22 , 30 ), and, finally, race (…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors for Suicidal Behaviours after Natural Disasters: A Systematic Review

Jafari

Heidari

et al. 2020

MJMS

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Natural disasters have multiple psychological effects including increased risk of suicide among victims. Reviews have shown that suicidal behaviours can be an aftermath of natural disasters. The present study attempted to identify the suicide-related risk factors after natural disasters. This study was a systematic review probing English language articles related to suicide and its risk factors after natural disasters and published between 1 January 1990 and 27 September 2018 in Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus, ProQuest and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases. After reviewing and screening the collected studies by means of specific criteria, only 30 studies were qualified to enter the survey. It was found that most of these studies had investigated suicide after earthquake. Gender, age, serious mental disorders, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), loss of family members, low economic status, low social support, and injury to the person and the family/relatives were identified as the most important risk factors for suicide after natural disasters. Women, adolescents, elderly, people with depression and PTSD, those suffer from low social support and parentless people were found to be among the ones being highly vulnerable to suicide after natural disasters. There is, therefore, a need for providing psychosocial support for these people after such disasters.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors for Suicidal Behaviours after Natural Disasters: A Systematic Review

Jafari

Heidari

et al. 2020

MJMS

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“…During the three years after the disaster, the number of disaster-related deaths exceeded that of direct deaths, amounting to 1657, and the number of disaster-related suicide attempts has also increased in Fukushima Prefecture [ 30 ]. Thus, in an area such as Fukushima, where the aftermath of natural and nuclear disasters lingers, not only the victims directly affected by the disaster but also the whole population suffer from continuous anxiety and stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Change in and Long-Term Investigation of Neuro-Otologic Disorders in Disaster-Stricken Fukushima Prefecture: Retrospective Cohort Study before and after the Great East Japan Earthquake

et al. 2015

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On March 11, 2011, Japan’s northeast Pacific coast was hit by a gigantic earthquake and subsequent tsunami. Soma City in Fukushima Prefecture is situated approximately 44 km north of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. Soma General Hospital is the only hospital in Soma City that provides full-time otolaryngological medical care. We investigated the changes in new patients from one year before to three years after the disaster. We investigated 18,167 new patients treated at our department during the four years from April 1, 2010 to March 31, 2014. Of the new patients, we categorized the diagnoses into Meniere’s disease, acute low-tone sensorineural hearing loss, vertigo, sudden deafness, tinnitus, and facial palsy as neuro-otologic symptoms. We also investigated the changes in the numbers of patients whom we examined at that time concerning other otolaryngological disorders, including epistaxis, infectious diseases of the laryngopharynx, and allergic rhinitis. The total number of new patients did not change remarkably on a year-to-year basis. Conversely, cases of vertigo, Meniere’s disease, and acute low-tone sensorineural hearing loss increased in number immediately after the disaster, reaching a plateau in the second year and slightly decreasing in the third year. Specifically, 4.8% of patients suffering from these neuro-otologic diseases had complications from depression and other mental diseases. With regard to new patients in our department, there was no apparent increase in the number of patients suffering from diseases other than neuro-otologic diseases, including epistaxis, and allergic rhinitis. Patients suffering from vertigo and/or dizziness increased during the first few years after the disaster. These results are attributed to the continuing stress and tension of the inhabitants. This investigation of those living in the disaster area highlights the need for long-term support.

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“…Of the extracted 61 studies, 41 studies (67.2%) assessed emotional consequences (Table 1), whereas 28 studies (45.9%) evaluated behavioral consequences (Table 2). 16,19,29,[32][33][34][35]51,[53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72] Eight studies (13.1%) evaluated both emotional and behavioral outcomes. 16,19,29,[32][33][34][35]51 Nearly half (n = 30, 49.2%) of the studies used community data.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…46,65,67 Two studies (3.3%) used medical record data acquired immediately after the disaster. 53,56 A study reporting intervention methods or effects was not included in the present review.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three studies (10.7%) assessed suicidal risk or non-fatal suicidal attempts. 53,56,59 Maeda and colleagues reported that suicidal risk in 168 public employees working in two coastal towns was 8.9%. 59 A study of emergency room patients before and after the disaster addressed that the suicide attempt rate using high-mortality methods increased during the 4 months after the disaster and then subsequently decreased.…”

Section: Behavioral Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mental health consequences for survivors of the 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster: a systematic review. Part 2: emotional and behavioral consequences

et al. 2020

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To compile the findings of studies assessing emotional and behavioral changes in the survivors of the 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster, we performed a systematic review in August 2019 using four literature databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, and ICHUSHI). Peer-reviewed manuscripts, either in English or Japanese, were included in the searches. Sixty-one studies were retrieved for the review. Of these, 41 studies (67.2%) assessed emotional consequences, 28 studies (45.9%) evaluated behavioral consequences, and 8 studies (13.1%) evaluated both emotional and behavioral outcomes. The main research topic in emotional change was radiation exposure-associated risk perception, as reported in 15 studies. This risk perception included immediate health effects (eg, acute radiation syndrome) as well as future health effects (eg, future cancer and genetic effects). Lowered subjective well-being was reported in eight studies. Six studies reported perceived discrimination/stigmatization in the disaster survivors. The most critical behavioral change was an increase in suicides compared with residents in the whole of Japan or affected by the earthquake and tsunami, but not by the nuclear disaster. Increased rate of alcohol and tobacco use was reported, although the effect on one’s health was inconsistent. As a conclusion, the Fukushima nuclear disaster survivors suffered issues in risk perception, well-being, stigmatization, and alcohol/tobacco use in the first 8 years after the disaster. The present study is important in order to better understand the emotional and behavioral responses to future nuclear/radiological disasters as well as other “invisible” disasters, such as chemical and biological public health crises.

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Time-related changes in suicide attempts after the nuclear accident in Fukushima

Abstract: After such a disaster, immediate psychiatric support may be required because of the increased risk of non-fatal suicide attempts in the immediate aftermath.

Cited by 11 publications

References 24 publications

Risk Factors for Suicidal Behaviours after Natural Disasters: A Systematic Review

Risk Factors for Suicidal Behaviours after Natural Disasters: A Systematic Review

Change in and Long-Term Investigation of Neuro-Otologic Disorders in Disaster-Stricken Fukushima Prefecture: Retrospective Cohort Study before and after the Great East Japan Earthquake

Mental health consequences for survivors of the 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster: a systematic review. Part 2: emotional and behavioral consequences

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