Time perspective affects daily time use and daily functioning in individuals with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Results from the multicentric DiAPAson study

Zarbo, Cristina; Stolarski, Maciej; Zamparini, Manuel; Damiani, Stefano; Casiraghi, Letizia; Rocchetti, Matteo; Starace, Fabrizio; Girolamo, Giovanni de; Agosta, Sara; Barlati, Stefano; Boero, Maria Elena; Brega, Angelo; Bussi, Riccardo; Cerveri, Giancarlo; D’Anna, Giulio; Michele, Vittorio Di; Donadeo, A; Durbano, Federico; Facchini, Federico; Giosuè, Patricia; Goglio, Marco Maria; Impicci, Stefania; Lattanzi, Laura; Latorre, Valeria; Marina, Marina; Maurizi, Annalisa; Minotto, Martina; Monzani, Emiliano; Pelizza, Lorenzo; Pessina, Rodolfo; Piccicacchi, Benedetto; Placenti, Roberto; Pozzi, Alessandra; Rippa, Arturo; Rufelli, Beatrice; Tura, Giambattista; Zanolini, Stefano; Zizolfi, S.

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.02.012

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…We also found evidence that TP predicts life functioning among persons diagnosed with schizophrenia. Zarbo et al [20 ▪ ] showed that DBTP-r negatively correlates with the levels of functioning (such as social, interpersonal, and work functioning) and time spent on productive activities and positively predicts time spent on nonproductive activities (such as watching TV). Styła and colleagues [39] reported that DBTP, past-negative, and present-fatalistic were positively related to poor global functioning (including social areas and mental health) in joint clinical and control groups, whereas opposite associations were reported for past-positive.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The common denominator of many results is that they provide solid evidence for the highly adaptive nature of BTP [13]. Given the increasing interest of clinicians and therapists in temporal framing's effects on psychopathology [19 ▪▪ ,20 ▪ ], it's crucial to provide both practitioners and researchers with the latest insights in this field. This review offers a new lens on mental disorders through TP theory…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Time matters for mental health: a systematic review of quantitative studies on time perspective in psychiatric populations

Stolarski,

Czajkowska-Łukasiewicz,

Styła

et al. 2024

Current Opinion in Psychiatry

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Purpose of the review The ability to perform mental time travels and to develop representations of the past, the present, and the future is one of the distinctive capacities of the human mind. Despite its pronounced consequences for motivation, cognition, affect, and subjective well being, time perspective (TP) has been outside mainstream psychiatry and clinical psychology. We highlight the role of psychological-temporal phenomena in various disorders and summarize the current research on TP and psychopathology. Recent findings Our review ultimately comprised 21 articles, including 18 unique datasets. It revealed that persons with different psychiatric diagnoses (attention defict hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), alcohol dependence, anxiety disorders, depression, bipolar disorder, personality disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, schizophrenia) display different temporal profiles than control groups. We also found marked associations between temporal features and psychiatric symptom severity. The effects of specific TPs vary across different psychiatric diagnoses and to some extent between various age groups, with a consistent, widespread, and nonspecific effect of past-negative and less balanced, inflexible TP profile. Summary Based on the review, TP biases are crucial factors in symptom development, while adaptive temporal profiles can serve as protective features against mental disorders. Understanding cognitive-temporal processes can enhance comprehension of psychopathological conditions and facilitate the development of temporality-focused clinical interventions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time matters for mental health: a systematic review of quantitative studies on time perspective in psychiatric populations

Stolarski,

Czajkowska-Łukasiewicz,

Styła

et al. 2024

Current Opinion in Psychiatry

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“…RFs provide support and supervision for individuals with high needs, severe psychopathology, and low functioning, who may have difficulty managing their symptoms and daily activities on their own ( de Girolamo et al, 2022 ; Martinelli, Iozzino, et al, 2022 ; Martinelli, Killaspy, et al, 2022 ; Ministero della Salute, 2022 ). The DiAPAson project ( Mayeli et al, 2023 ; Oliva et al, 2023 ; Zarbo et al, 2022 , 2023 ) included 20 DMHs and 17 RFs located in different regions of Italy. DMHs recruited both outpatients and residents, while RFs only residents.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positivity, daily time use, mood, and functioning in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Results from the diapason multicentric study

Martinelli,

Moncalieri,

Zamparini

et al. 2023

Int J Soc Psychiatry

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Background: Positivity (POS) indicates the proclivity to see life and experiences in a positive light. There is limited research on its effects on individuals with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders (SSD). Very little is known about the relationship between POS and daily activities in people with SSD. Aim: The study aims to compare the POS rated by patients with SSD with those obtained in an Italian normative sample matched by age and sex and to use the Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) to investigate the association between POS and daily time use (i.e. productive activities, leisure activities), functioning and mood in individuals with SSD. Method: 620 SSD patients were recruited from mental health services in Italy as part of the DiAPAson project. POS, symptom severity, functioning, and quality of life (QoL) were assessed. POS scores were compared to a normative sample of 5,002 Italian citizens. Additionally, a subset of 102 patients underwent 7-day assessments using mobile EMA. Results: People with SSD did not significantly differ from the Italian normative sample in POS levels (0.035, p = .190). POS showed a significant inverse association with support network (−0.586, p = .036) and symptomatology (BPRS −0.101; 95% p < .001; BNSS B = −0.113, p < .001). A significant direct association was found between POS and QoL ( B = 0.310, p < .001) and functioning ( B = 0.058, p < .001). In the subsample using EMA, POS ratings showed significant associations with Positive Emotions ( B = 0.167, p < .001) and Negative Emotions ( B = −0.201, p < .001). Conclusion: People with SSD exhibited comparable levels of POS to the normative sample. Higher POS was linked to better functioning, QoL, fewer severe symptoms, and increased positive emotions. However, it did not relate to increased productivity or engagement in leisure activities. Further research is needed to understand the relationship between POS and time use in individuals with SSD.

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“…This multisite project (DiAPAson project ‐ Daily Activities, Physical Activities and Interpersonal relationships) (de Girolamo et al, 2020 ; Martinelli et al, 2022 ; Martinelli et al, 2023 ; Mayeli et al, 2023 ; Oliva et al, 2022 ; Zarbo et al, 2022 ; Zarbo, Rota, et al, 2023 ; Zarbo, Zamparini, Killaspy, et al, 2023 ; Zarbo, Zamparini, Nielssen, et al, 2023 ; Zarbo, Stolarski, et al, 2023 ) included 20 Departments of Mental Health (DMHs) and 98 Residential Facilities (RF) located in different Italian regions. Departments of Mental Health recruited both outpatient and residential patients, and RFs only residential patients.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological monitoring of emotional intensity, variability, and instability in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Results of a multicentre study

Zarbo,

Zamparini,

Patrono

et al. 2023

Int J Methods Psych Res

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BackgroundEvaluating emotional experiences in the life of people with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder (SSD) is fundamental for developing interventions aimed at promoting well‐being in specific times and contexts. However, little is known about emotional variability in this population. In DiAPAson project, we evaluated between‐ and within‐person differences in emotional intensity, variability, and instability between people with SSD and healthy controls, and the association with psychiatric severity and levels of functioning.Methods102 individuals diagnosed with SSD (57 residential patients, 46 outpatients) and 112 healthy controls were thoroughly evaluated. Daily emotions were prospectively assessed with Experience Sampling Method eight times a day for a week. Statistical analyses included ANOVA, correlations, and generalized linear models.ResultsParticipants with SSD, and especially residential patients, had a higher intensity of negative emotions when compared to controls. Moreover, all people with SSD reported a greater between‐person‐variability of both positive and negative emotions and greater intra‐variability of negative emotions than healthy controls. In addition, the emotion variability in people with SSD does not follow a linear or quadratic trend but is more “chaotic” if compared to controls.ConclusionsAdequate assessments of positive and negative emotional experiences and their time course in people with SSD can assist mental health professionals with well‐being assessment, implementing targeted interventions through the identification of patterns, triggers, and potential predictors of emotional states.

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Time perspective affects daily time use and daily functioning in individuals with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Results from the multicentric DiAPAson study

Cited by 7 publications

References 51 publications

Time matters for mental health: a systematic review of quantitative studies on time perspective in psychiatric populations

Time matters for mental health: a systematic review of quantitative studies on time perspective in psychiatric populations

Positivity, daily time use, mood, and functioning in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Results from the diapason multicentric study

Ecological monitoring of emotional intensity, variability, and instability in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Results of a multicentre study

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