Time, memory, and the legacy of Howard Eichenbaum

Ranganath, Charan

doi:10.1002/hipo.23007

Cited by 21 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 196 publications

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“…In a recent fMRI study ( Cordova et al, 2019 ), we found that the hippocampus is more strongly modulated by attention to temporal vs. size or spatial relations in a rapid, relatively simple stimulus display. A role for the hippocampus in attending to temporal relations would be consistent with a vast literature implicating the hippocampus in temporal and sequential processing Barnett et al, 2014 ;Davachi & DuBrow, 2015 ;DuBrow & Davachi, 2014 ;Eichenbaum, 2013 ;Palombo et al, 2016 ;Ranganath, 2019 ;Thavabalasingam et al, 2019 ). For example, neuropsychological studies indicate that the hippocampus plays an essential role in estimating the temporal duration of events ( Palombo et al, 2016 ;Palombo & Verfaellie, 2017 ).…”

Section: Future Directionssupporting

confidence: 71%

The medial temporal lobe is critical for spatial relational perception

Ruiz¹,

Meager

Agarwal³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The hippocampus is traditionally considered to be a system that is specialized for long-term memory. Recent work has challenged this notion by demonstrating that this region can contribute to many domains of cognition beyond long-term memory, including perception and attention. One potential reason why the hippocampus contributes broadly to cognition is that it contains relational representations -representations of multidimensional features of experience -that are useful in many different cognitive domains. Here, we explore the hypothesis that the hippocampus plays a critical role in attention via its relational representations. We compared human participants with hippocampal damage to healthy ageand education-matched individuals on attention tasks that varied in the type and amount of relational processing required. On each trial, participants viewed two images (rooms with paintings). On room relational trials, they judged whether the rooms had the same spatial layout from a different perspective. On art relational trials, they judged whether the paintings could have been painted by the same artist. Control trials placed fewer demands on relational processing: Participants simply had to detect identical paintings or rooms. Patients with hippocampal damage were significantly impaired on the room relational task. Selective hippocampal lesions had comparable effects to more extensive medial temporal lobe damage, suggesting that the hippocampus itself plays a critical role in spatial relational attention. This work provides further evidence that the hippocampus plays a ubiquitous role in cognition by virtue of its relational representations, and highlights that spatial relations may be particularly important. Key wordsspatial processing, visual attention, relational memory, medial temporal lobe, neuropsychology 2013 ). Finally, on relational trials, low-level visual features were not diagnostic for task performance, increasing demands on the relational representations of the hippocampus (e.g., Hartley et al., 2007 ).Together, these task features enabled us to rigorously test alternative theories of whether and how the hippocampus might critically contribute to attention. Materials and Methods ParticipantsDemographics and Recruitment. Patients with medial temporal lobe lesions (n = 7; 1 woman, 6 men; M age = 41.0 years , M education = 17.0 years) were recruited via the New York University Patient Registry for the Study of Perception, Emotion, and Cognition (NYU

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Section: Future Directionssupporting

confidence: 71%

The medial temporal lobe is critical for spatial relational perception

Ruiz¹,

Meager

Agarwal³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…Furthermore, the degree to which EC patterns reflected holistic representations of temporal relationships related to recall behavior characterized by the consecutive reproduction of objects encountered in temporal proximity; potentially through mental traversals of the route during memory recall. The central role of the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex in temporal memory (for review see (Davachi and DuBrow, 2015;Howard, 2018;Ranganath, 2018;Wang and Diana, 2017)) dovetails with the involvement of these regions in learning sequences and statistical regularities in general (Barnett et al, 2014;Garvert et al, 2017;Hsieh et al, 2014;Kumaran and Maguire, 2006;Schapiro et al, 2012Schapiro et al, , 2016Thavabalasingam et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Space and time have been suggested to constitute fundamental dimensions along which our experience is organized (Konkel and Cohen, 2009;Ekstrom and Ranganath, 2018;Bellmund et al, 2018a). Consistently, the role of the hippocampus -a core structure for episodic memory (Scoville and Milner, 1957;Squire, 1982) -in coding locations in space (O'Keefe and Dostrovsky, 1971;Moser et al, 2017;Epstein et al, 2017) and moments in time (Pastalkova et al, 2008;MacDonald et al, 2011;Eichenbaum, 2014;Ranganath, 2018;Howard, 2018) is well-established. Human memory research has highlighted the role of the hippocampus in the encoding, representation and retrieval of temporal relations (Tubridy and Davachi, 2011;DuBrow and Davachi, 2014;Ezzyat and Davachi, 2014;Hsieh et al, 2014;Ranganath, 2010, 2016;Kyle et al, 2015;Copara et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Structuring Time in Human Lateral Entorhinal Cortex

Bellmund

Deuker

Doeller

2018

Preprint

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Remembering event sequences is central to episodic memory and presumably supported by the hippocampal-entorhinal region. We previously demonstrated that the hippocampus maps spatial and temporal distances between events encountered along a route through a virtual city , but the content of entorhinal mnemonic representations remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that multi-voxel representations in the anterior-lateral entorhinal cortex (alEC) -the human homologue of the rodent lateral entorhinal cortex -specifically reflect the temporal event structure after learning. Holistic representations of the sequence structure related to memory recall and the timeline of events could be reconstructed from entorhinal multi-voxel patterns. Our findings demonstrate representations of temporal structure in the alEC; dovetailing with temporal information carried by population signals in the lateral entorhinal cortex of navigating rodents and alEC activations during temporal memory retrieval. Our results provide novel evidence for the role of the alEC in representing time for episodic memory.

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“…While mental representation of chronological time preserves the temporal order in which life events occur, it does not itself contain precise information about the timing of events, or "metric time" [3][4][5] . Indeed, although the mental representation of time clearly is a crucial element of episodic, or autobiographical memory 4,[6][7][8] 10,11 ) in rats. In the human hippocampus, fMRI activation has been associated with learning temporal sequences of objects [12][13][14] and events 15 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Metric and chronological time in human episodic memory

Evensmoen

Rimol

Rise

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The relative contributions of metric and chronological time in the encoding of episodic memories are unknown. One hundred one healthy young adults viewed 48 unique episodes of visual events and were later tested on recall of the order of events (chronological time) and the precise timing of events (metric time). The behavioral results show that metric recall accuracy correlates with chronological accuracy for events within episodes, but does not play a role on larger time-scales across episodes. Functional magnetic resonance imaging during encoding and recall showed that metric time was represented in the posterior medial entorhinal cortex, as well as the temporal pole and the cerebellum, whereas chronological time was represented in a widespread brain network including the anterior lateral entorhinal cortex, hippocampus, parahippocampal cortex and the prefrontal cortex. We conclude that metric time has a role in episodic memory on short time-scales and is mainly subserved by medial temporal lobe structures.

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Time, memory, and the legacy of Howard Eichenbaum

Cited by 21 publications

References 196 publications

The medial temporal lobe is critical for spatial relational perception

The medial temporal lobe is critical for spatial relational perception

Structuring Time in Human Lateral Entorhinal Cortex

Metric and chronological time in human episodic memory

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