“…al., (2022), Akhtar, et. al., (2022), Jitmaneeroj & Ogwang (2023), and Rumaly (2023) which found that asset size, operating cost to loans ratio, total equity to debt ratio, and inflation exert a significant negative impact on ROE, highlighting the challenges associated with growth, cost efficiency, leverage, and inflationary pressures. In contrast, Sobol et.…”