Time is of essence - Abnormal time perspectives mediate the impact of childhood trauma on depression severity

Wang, Yingying; Hu, Xiwen; Han, Jin-Fang; Scalabrini, Andrea; Yong, Hu; Hu, Zhiguo; Tan, Zhonglin; Zhang, Jianfeng; Northoff, Georg

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.10.039

Cited by 22 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Moving on from Vogel et al (2018) phenomenological model of subjective time, the more psychological model of Thönes and Stocker (2019) distinguishes different aspects of time used in experimental paradigms, termed here Processing , Perception and Passage of time. In integrating these two models, we add Perspective as an additional psychological domain, which has a longstanding evidence‐base in mental health research and practice (Keough et al, 1999; Mooney et al, 2017; Wang et al, 2020; Zimbardo & Boyd, 2015). We have also slightly modified the Thönes and Stocker (2019) model to bring passage on equal footing with perception instead of being subsumed within a category that includes duration judgement (Wearden, 2015).…”

Section: A Brief Taxonomy Of Timementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instead, perspective is more related to constructs such as temporal delay discounting (Kwan et al, 2013; Lempert & Pizzagalli, 2010), temporal distance (Bar‐Anan et al, 2006; Liberman et al, 2007; Rinaldi et al, 2017) and temporal orientation (Maglio & Trope, 2019). Problems with time perspectival macro integration are evident in conditions like post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) wherein, like depression (Wang et al, 2020), the past dominates the present and attenuates the future (Sword et al, 2014).…”

Section: A Brief Taxonomy Of Timementioning

confidence: 99%

“…As outlined above, symptoms of depression commonly associate with low or slow passage of time (Kent, Van Doorn, Hohwy, & Klein, 2019; Thönes & Oberfeld, 2015; Vogeley & Kupke, 2007) as well as an overly‐integrated orientation towards a negative view of the past (Kaya Lefèvre et al, 2019; Stanghellini et al, 2017; Wang et al, 2020). Excessive temporal integration in depression manifests as rumination about the (negative) past (Baddeley, 2013; Koval et al, 2012; Watkins & Brown, 2002), a sense of hopelessness about the future (Beck et al, 1974), a constricted time perspective (Kovacs & Beck, 1986), and increased focus on the present fatalistic beliefs (cf.…”

Section: Disorders Of Macro Time: Abnormal Experience Of Timementioning

confidence: 99%

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Can disorders of subjective time inform the differential diagnosis of psychiatric disorders? A transdiagnostic taxonomy of time

Kent

Nelson

Northoff

2022

Early Intervention Psych

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Aim Time is a core aspect of psychopathology with potential for clinical use and early intervention. Temporal experience, perception, judgement and processing are distorted in various psychiatric disorders such as mood (depression and mania), anxiety, autistic, impulse‐control, dissociative and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorders. Can these disorders of time be used as early diagnostic or predictive markers? To answer this question, we develop a Transdiagnostic Taxonomy of (disordered) Time (TTT) that maps on to the symptomatological, phenomenal, perceptual and functional descriptions of each underlying disorder in a 2 × 2 × 2 state space. Temporal distortions may precede functional decline, and so assist efforts at early detection and intervention in at‐risk groups. Method Firstly, this article integrates a psychological model of how time is processed with a subjective or phenomenological model of how time is experienced or perceived. Secondly, the integrated combined model of time is then used to heuristically map major psychiatric disorders on to the basic elements of temporal flow and integration. Results The TTT systematically describes the basic temporal nature of eight diagnostic categories of psychiatric illness. It differentiates between diagnoses primarily associated with distorted “macro‐level” phenomenal temporal experiences (i.e. anxiety, dissociation/PTSD, depression, and mania) from those primarily related to distorted ‘micro‐level’ temporal processing (i.e. psychotic, impulse‐control, autistic and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorders). Conclusions The TTT allows differential diagnostic classification of various psychiatric disorders in terms of a possible underlying time disorder, making it useful for future diagnostic and predictive purposes using novel techniques of temporal processing, time perception, passage of time, and time perspective.

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Section: A Brief Taxonomy Of Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Brief Taxonomy Of Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Disorders Of Macro Time: Abnormal Experience Of Timementioning

confidence: 99%

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Can disorders of subjective time inform the differential diagnosis of psychiatric disorders? A transdiagnostic taxonomy of time

Kent

Nelson

Northoff

2022

Early Intervention Psych

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“…Hence, they shift more toward their past at the expense of their future. It has been hypothesized that an abnormal time perspective mediates the impact of the early childhood trauma on depressive symptomatology [3,18].…”

Section: Psychological Abusementioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood abuse and late life depression – Recent updates

Agarwal¹,

Sharma²,

Mandumpala³

2022

Indian J Child Health

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Childhood abuse is an important public health concern that can derail the developmental course of children. Psychological abuse, physical abuse and sexual abuse can have far-reaching impacts on children and influence the trajectories of mental health outcomes. They often co-occur and all maltreatment types carry a risk for depression in adulthood. Gaps in research methods pose challenges in extrapolating a generalized result that can influence the understanding of this probable link. Mechanisms correlating bio-psycho-social dimensions are relatively scarce. However, this review summarizes the recent updates in linking childhood abuse and major depressive disorder (MDD). Finally, targeted interventions and validated screening tools may be beneficial in the prevention of depression. This review highlights the importance of addressing childhood abuse and its sequelae in the development of depression.

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“…The theory of MG proposes that spacetime curvature is evident in all domains of mental phenomena: 1) phenomenological experiences of the self in space and time; 2) spatial and temporal perception and cognition; and 3) neurobiological spatiotemporal dynamics. In what follows, I will use Northoff's ( 2019) "common currency" approach to show links between neural, cognitive, and phenomenological elements of depression in terms of the curvature of underlying neural spatiotemporal dynamics (Grimm et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2020;Wiebking et al, 2010), a substrate for which may be expressed in Le Bihan's (2020) relativistic modelling of the brain's "spacetime" or "spacetime connectome" (Cabral et al, 2022).…”

Section: Mass-energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental Gravity: A novel theory of self, brain, mind and depression

Kent¹

2022

Preprint

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Mental Gravity is a novel theory postulating that the mind actively simulates properties of physical gravity under different conditions, including when depressed. It describes how aspects of the brain, body, and self display characteristics analogous to the experience of gravitational force and underlying spacetime curvature as conceived in the general theory of relativity. It is systematically related to the Bayesian active inference account of brain behaviour, specifically neuronal gauge theories. Mental Gravity explains how “gravity priors” (i.e., the intuitive physics of heavy and falling objects) is mobilised for social/emotional communication, and also how it relates to autobiographical memory and the self. The theory models the interaction between present (experiential) and past (autobiographical) poles of the so-called “self-axis” as analogous to the interaction between two masses in a gravitational field. Depression represents a particularly salient form of Mental Gravity where the past self dominates present experience, leading to quasi-delusion beliefs or quasi-hallucinatory perceptions of increased gravity leading to gravity-like experiences of feeling down, low, heavy, and slow. A plausible neurobiological substrate for Mental Gravity is also proposed (relativistic pseudo-diffusion) to connect to the experience of subjective time dilation (slowing) in depression to the slowing/curavture of neural spacetime dynamics. Using a “common currency” approach, I therefore propose that Mental Gravity is fundamental to: 1) phenomenological experience of the self in space and time; 2) spatial and temporal perception and cognition; and 3) neurobiological spatiotemporal dynamics.

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Time is of essence - Abnormal time perspectives mediate the impact of childhood trauma on depression severity

Cited by 22 publications

References 36 publications

Can disorders of subjective time inform the differential diagnosis of psychiatric disorders? A transdiagnostic taxonomy of time

Can disorders of subjective time inform the differential diagnosis of psychiatric disorders? A transdiagnostic taxonomy of time

Childhood abuse and late life depression – Recent updates

Mental Gravity: A novel theory of self, brain, mind and depression

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