Time-harmonic analysis of grounding system in horizontally stratified multilayer medium

Fixed-Image-Method-Based Transient Electromagnetic Model of Grounding System in Horizontally Stratified Multilayer Medium

“…The effect of medium heterogeneity is taken into account by using the fixed image method originally developed in [17] and used in [3,13,14]. Basically, this fixed image method utilized the imaging method to take into account various earth layer configurations.…”

“…This transient model introduces improvements to previously published time-harmonic model of the grounding system [3,13,14] and features a novel algorithm for transformation purposes between the time and frequency domain and vice versa. These algorithms for continuous numerical Fourier transform (CNFT) [15] and inverse continuous numerical Fourier transform (ICNFT) [16] are robust, accurate and versatile which is clearly demonstrated in the aforementioned papers.…”

“…Longitudinal current of the conductor segment is in the improved model approximated using a linear approximation instead of a constant as used in [3,13,14]. Complete electromagnetic coupling between segments is taken into account.…”

“…Complete electromagnetic coupling between segments is taken into account. Computation of Sommerfeld integrals is circumvented using an effective approximation of the attenuation and phase shift effects which significantly contributes to the execution speed of the model [3,13,14]. Segments of the grounding system can be situated in any layer of the horizontally stratified multilayer medium which includes the air layer and an arbitrary number of ground layers.…”

“…In the time-harmonic electromagnetic model published in [3,13,14] and improved in this paper, conductors of the grounding system are subdivided into straight segments which satisfy the thin-wire approximation. Longitudinal current of the conductor segment is in the improved model approximated using a linear approximation instead of a constant as used in [3,13,14].…”