Time evolution of chemical exchanges during mixing of rhyolitic and basaltic melts

Morgavi, Daniele; Perugini, Diego; Campos, Cristina P. De; Ertel-Ingrisch, Werner; Dingwell, Donald B.

doi:10.1007/s00410-013-0894-1

Cited by 43 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The main results show that the chaotic patterns observed in the products and in recently developed experimental setups (Morgavi et al 2013a(Morgavi et al , b, c, 2015 are reproducible (Fig. 5), and that the two magmas mingle very efficiently from the beginning of their interaction.…”

Section: Numerical Simulation Of Magma Mingling and Mixingsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…Preliminary results indicate that the time evolution of compositional exchanges between magmas from the experiments can be effectively modelled, leading to the prospect that the record of magma mixing processes may serve as chronometers to estimate the time interval between mixing and eruption (Perugini et al 2010;Perugini and Poli 2012;Morgavi et al 2013aMorgavi et al , b, c, 2015Perugini et al 2015). Arienzo et al 2015).…”

Section: Numerical and Experimental Studies: New Ideas For Decipherinmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…One of the most striking results arising from these studies is that, during mixing, chemical elements experience a diffusive fractionation process due to the development in time of chaotic mixing dynamics (Perugini et al 2006 Rosa et al 2002;Perugini and Poli 2005;Perugini et al 2002Perugini et al , 2003 have highlighted the dominant role played by chaotic mixing dynamics in producing the substantial complexity of geochemical variations and textural patterns found in the resultant rocks (e.g., Flinders and Clemens 1996;De Campos et al 2011;Morgavi et al 2013aMorgavi et al , b, c, 2016. Despite significant attention in the past, however, few works have focused on the understanding of the relationship between the morphology of the mixing patterns and the geochemical variability of the system using experimental devices (e.g., De Rosa et al 2002).…”

Section: Numerical and Experimental Studies: New Ideas For Decipherinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based upon the combination of field observations and the outcome from numerical simulations, a new experimental apparatus has been developed to perform mixing experiments using high viscosity silicate melts at high temperature (De Campos et al 2011;Morgavi et al 2013aMorgavi et al , c, 2015. This device has been used to study the mixing process between natural melts, enabling the investigation of the influence of chaotic dynamics on the geochemical evolution of the system of mixing magmas (Morgavi et al 2013a(Morgavi et al , b, c, 2015.…”

Section: Numerical and Experimental Studies: New Ideas For Decipherinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magma Mixing: History and Dynamics of an Eruption Trigger

Morgavi

Arienzo

Montagna

et al. 2017

Advances in Volcanology

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The most violent and catastrophic volcanic eruptions on Earth have been triggered by the refilling of a felsic volcanic magma chamber by a hotter more mafic magma. Examples include Vesuvius 79 AD, Krakatau 1883, Pinatubo 1991, and Eyjafjallajökull 2010. Since the first hypothesis, plenty of evidence of magma mixing processes, in all tectonic environments, has accumulated in the literature allowing this natural process to be defined as fundamental petrological processes playing a role in triggering volcanic eruptions, and in the generation of the compositional variability of igneous rocks. Combined with petrographic, mineral chemistry and geochemical investigations, isotopic analyses on volcanic rocks have revealed compositional variations at different length scales pointing to a complex interplay of fractional crystallization, mixing/mingling and crustal contamination during the evolution of several magmatic feeding systems. But to fully understand the dynamics of mixing and mingling

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Section: Numerical Simulation Of Magma Mingling and Mixingsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Numerical and Experimental Studies: New Ideas For Decipherinmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Numerical and Experimental Studies: New Ideas For Decipherinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Numerical and Experimental Studies: New Ideas For Decipherinmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Magma Mixing: History and Dynamics of an Eruption Trigger

Morgavi

Arienzo

Montagna

et al. 2017

Advances in Volcanology

Self Cite

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“…At a particular diffusion time, thin filaments will be much more homogenised (lower value of concentration variance σ 2 ) than thick filaments (cf. Morgavi et al, 2013c).…”

Section: Results Of Model Filament Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magma mixing enhanced by bubble segregation

et al. 2015

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Abstract. In order to explore the materials' complexity induced by bubbles rising through mixing magmas, bubbleadvection experiments have been performed, employing natural silicate melts at magmatic temperatures. A cylinder of basaltic glass was placed below a cylinder of rhyolitic glass. Upon melting, bubbles formed from interstitial air. During the course of the experimental runs, those bubbles rose via buoyancy forces into the rhyolitic melt, thereby entraining tails of basaltic liquid. In the experimental run products, these plume-like filaments of advected basalt within rhyolite were clearly visible and were characterised by microCT and high-resolution EMP analyses.The entrained filaments of mafic material have been hybridised. Their post-experimental compositions range from the originally basaltic composition through andesitic to rhyolitic composition. Rheological modelling of the compositions of these hybridised filaments yield viscosities up to 2 orders of magnitude lower than that of the host rhyolitic liquid. Importantly, such lowered viscosities inside the filaments implies that rising bubbles can ascend more efficiently through pre-existing filaments that have been generated by earlier ascending bubbles. MicroCT imaging of the run products provides textural confirmation of the phenomenon of bubbles trailing one another through filaments. This phenomenon enhances the relevance of bubble advection in magma mixing scenarios, implying as it does so, an acceleration of bubble ascent due to the decreased viscous resistance facing bubbles inside filaments and yielding enhanced mass flux of mafic melt into felsic melt via entrainment. In magma mixing events involving melts of high volatile content, bubbles may be an essential catalyst for magma mixing.Moreover, the reduced viscosity contrast within filaments implies repeated replenishment of filaments with fresh endmember melt. As a result, complex compositional gradients and therefore diffusion systematics can be expected at the filament-host melt interface, due to the repetitive nature of the process. However, previously magmatic filaments were tacitly assumed to be of single-pulse origin. Consequently, the potential for multi-pulse filaments has to be considered in outcrop analyses. As compositional profiles alone may remain ambiguous for constraining the origin of filaments, and as 3-D visual evidence demonstrates that filaments may have experienced multiple bubbles passages even when featuring standard diffusion gradients, therefore, the calculation of diffusive timescales may be inadequate for constraining timescales in cases where bubbles have played an essential role in magma mixing. Data analysis employing concentration variance relaxation in natural samples can distinguish conventional single-pulse filaments from advection via multiple bubble ascent advection in natural samples, raising the prospect of yet another powerful application of this novel petrological tool.

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