Time estimation in process-reactive schizophrenia.

Normington, Cheryl J.

doi:10.1037/h0020996

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Studies were excluded if: (1) they enrolled mixed samples of SZ and SZ-spectrum subjects and data were not reported separately for the 2 groups 24,46-50 ; (2) subjects were required to use explicit counting in order to keep track of time 15,[51][52][53][54][55] ; and (3) inferences about patients' timing ability could not be drawn from the reported data. [56][57][58][59][60][61][62] The literature search yielded 134 studies, 50 of which fulfilled the inclusion/exclusion criteria on the basis of abstracts. Full texts of the candidate studies were independently screened by 2 evaluators (V.C.…”

Section: Literature Search and Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explicit Time Deficit in Schizophrenia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Indicate It Is Primary and Not Domain Specific

Ciullo

Spalletta

Caltagirone

et al. 2015

SCHBUL

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Although timing deficits are a robust finding in schizophrenia (SZ), the notion of a genuine time perception disorder in SZ is still being debated because distortions in timing might depend on neuropsychological deficits that are characteristics of the illness. Here we used meta-analytic methods to summarize the evidence of timing deficits in SZ and moderator analyses to determine whether defective timing in SZ arises from nontemporal sources or from defective time perception. PubMed Services, PsycNET, and Scopus were searched through March 2015, and all references in articles were investigated to find other relevant studies. Studies were selected if they included subjects with a primary diagnosis of SZ compared to a healthy control (HC) group and if they reported behavioral measures of duration estimation (perceptual and motor explicit timing). Data from 24 studies published from 1956 to 2015, which comprised 747 SZ individuals and 808 HC, were included. Results indicate that SZ individuals are less accurate than HC in estimating time duration across a wide range of tasks. Subgroup analyses showed that the fundamental timing deficit in SZ is independent from the length of the to-be-timed duration (automatic and cognitively controlled timing) and from methods of stimuli estimation (perceptual and motor timing). Thus, time perception per se is disturbed in SZ (not just task-specific timing processes) and this perturbation is independent from more generalized cognitive impairments. Behavioral evidence of disturbed automatic timing should be more thoroughly investigated with the aim of defining it as a cognitive phenotype for more homogeneous diagnostic subgrouping.

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Section: Literature Search and Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explicit Time Deficit in Schizophrenia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Indicate It Is Primary and Not Domain Specific

Ciullo

Spalletta

Caltagirone

et al. 2015

SCHBUL

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Dopaminerge Einflüsse auf die subjektive Zeitschätzung

Lange

Paul

Gsell

1996

Aktuelle Perspektiven Der Biologischen Psychiatrie

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Time Estimation among Schizophrenics

Wahl

Sieg

1980

Percept Mot Skills

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Studies of time estimation among schizophrenics have sometimes been difficult to integrate with one another because of differing methodologies and inconsistent definitions. The present study should increase clarity by employing several methods of time estimation within the same study and maintaining a consistent definition of overestimation and underestimation across tasks. 26 schizophrenic and 26 control subjects were given three types of time-estimation tasks. Longer Interval Estimation involved judging, at different points in the interview/testing session, how much time had passed. Verbal Estimation required subjects to judge the length of brief intervals signalled by the examiner. Operative Estimation required subjects to indicate when a specified number of seconds had passed. Schizophrenic subjects were significantly more inaccurate than controls in the Verbal and Operative Estimation tasks. Moreover, with overestimation defined consistently as judging more time to have passed than actually has, both Verbal and Operative Estimation results indicated schizophrenics were significantly more likely to overestimate. These results indicate support for the suggestion that schizophrenics have a disturbed sense of time, with real (clock) time experienced as passing more slowly than is actually the case. Long Interval Estimation produced quite different results, but it was felt that the retrospective and unfocused nature of the time judgments in this task made it a less valid indicator of ability to estimate.

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Time estimation in process-reactive schizophrenia.

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Explicit Time Deficit in Schizophrenia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Indicate It Is Primary and Not Domain Specific

Explicit Time Deficit in Schizophrenia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Indicate It Is Primary and Not Domain Specific

Dopaminerge Einflüsse auf die subjektive Zeitschätzung

Time Estimation among Schizophrenics

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