Time encoding and reconstruction of multichannel data by brain implants using asynchronous sigma delta modulators

Abstract

Recently, information technology and microelectronics have enabled implanting miniature and highly intelligent devices within the brain for in-vitro diagnostic and therapeutic functions. Power and physical size constraints of these devices necessitate novel signal processing methods. In this paper we investigate an effective data acquisition and reconstruction method for brain implants based on Asynchronous Sigma Delta Modulators (ASDMs). The ASDMs are analog non-linear feedback systems capable of time coding signals. The proposed reconstruction algorithm is based on the Prolate Spheroidal Wave Function (PSWF) expansion of the sinc functions and the order of expansion is given by the input signal being coded. Multiplexing and transmission of the different channels of data are accomplished by chirp orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. Computer simulations using multi channel electroencephalographic data are performed for wireless transmission by brain implants for monitoring abnormal brain activities of epilepsy patients.

Asynchronous sigma-delta modulator and fast demodulator

“…The elimination of clocks in these circuits also reduces device sizes and cuts electromagnetic interference (EMI) significantly. Due to these desirable properties, ASDMs have been proposed for data acquisition in bio-monitoring systems [1,2].…”