“…A technique based on the Electromechanical Impedance (EMI) for SHM systems was originally proposed by Liang et al (2014) and has been improved by several other authors ( Annmandas & Soh, 2010;Chaudhry, Lalande, Ganino, Rogers, & Chung, 1996;Cortez, Vieira Filho, & Baptista, 2012;Giurgiutiu & Zagrai, 2002;Sun, Chaudhry, Liang, & Rogers, 1995;Vieira Filho, Baptista, & Inman, 2011;Yang, Liu, Annamdas, & Soh, 2009;Zagrai & Giurgiutiu, 2001 ). This technique is a Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE) method which is based on the Frequency Response Function (FRF).…”