Time-dependent inelastic deformation of shocked soda-lime glass

Abstract

Plate impact experiments were carried out to understand inelastic deformation in soda-lime glass shocked between 3 and 10.8GPa. In-material, wave profile measurements were obtained using longitudinal and lateral stress gauges (4.6–10.8GPa), and electromagnetic particle velocity gauges (2.9–6GPa) at comparable sample thicknesses. The 4.6 and 6GPa experiments revealed time-dependent material inelastic response along with time-dependent loss of material strength. Because of the unsteady, two wave structure observed in the longitudinal wave profiles in conjunction with the time-dependent changes in the lateral stress data, previous interpretations of the shocked soda-lime glass response in terms of a propagating failure wave are not valid. At higher peak stresses (∼10GPa), the experimental results do not display time-dependent strength loss. The shock wave response of soda-lime glass over the 4–10GPa range is complex, and material strength and inelastic deformation features depend significantly on the peak stress. Using the experimental results, a phenomenological continuum model incorporating the various material phenomena was developed. Wave profile simulations using the continuum model show reasonable overall agreement with the experimental profiles at different stress levels. Because of the approximate nature of the continuum model, all of the experimental details were not reproduced in the wave propagation simulations. It is likely that around and above 10GPa, other material phenomena not included in our model may need to be considered.

Magnetically applied pressure-shear : a new technique for direct strength measurement at high pressure (final report for LDRD project 117856).

“…In order to calculate stress levels, the initial anvil density (known from the code input to be 6.028 g/cm 3 ) and the longitudinal and shear wave speeds (in the anvil) are required. For details, see section 5.1 below.…”

“…where C L and C S are the Lagrangian longitudinal and shear wave velocities, respectively, in the anvil and  o is the initial anvil density, measured to be 6.07 g/cm 3 . Wave speeds in the anvil were determined experimentally from a companion shot using standard techniques discussed later and elsewhere [35].…”

“…While many techniques exist to measure strength at modest pressures [1,2,3,4], there are few applicable to the high pressure region of greatest interest to the DOE. One approach which has been used to determine the strength of aluminum to 160 GPa is the self-consistent technique [2].…”

A Study on the Feasibility of Creating a Web-Accessible Marine Mammal Sound Library Based upon the Collections at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

“…Naimark (2003) describes FWs as a possible collective behavior mode of defects under very short duration loading. Simha and Gupta (2004) consider FWs to be an example of delayed fracture that is instigated by the arrival of the primary stress wave (Grinfeld et al, 2006).…”

Fielding the magnetically applied pressure-shear technique on the Z accelerator (completion report for MRT 4519).

“…Several techniques have been employed over the past several decades; each with their own limitations. Oblique impact [1] and lateral stress gauge [2] techniques are limited to very low pressures (under 20 GPa). Stress difference between shock and isentropic loading [3] leads to large uncertainties.…”