Time-dependent effect of inflammation on the gene expression
of pro-inflammatory cytokines and their receptors at the different
levels of the somatotropic axis in ewe

Wójcik, M.; Zięba, D. A.; Tomczyk, M.; Bochenek, J.; Antushevich, H.; Krawczyńska, A.; Herman, A. P.

doi:10.22358/jafs/175380/2023

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 83 publications

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“…The experiment was performed on 2-year-old Blackhead ewes ( n = 24) in the follicular phase of the estrous cycle during the breeding season (October). To standardize the experimental conditions, the stages of the estrous cycle of ewes were synchronized by the Chronogest ® CR (Merck Animal Health, Rahway, NJ, USA) method as was previously described [ 61 ]. The experimental procedures were performed 24 h following PMSG injection.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Caffeine on the Inflammatory-Dependent Changes in the GnRH/LH Secretion in a Female Sheep Model

Herman,

Tomczyk,

Wójcik

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Caffeine is one of the most widely consumed psychoactive drugs in the world. It easily crosses the blood–brain barrier, and caffeine-interacting adenosine and ryanodine receptors are distributed in various areas of the brain, including the hypothalamus and pituitary. Caffeine intake may have an impact on reproductive and immune function. Therefore, in the present study performed on the ewe model, we decided to investigate the effect of peripheral administration of caffeine (30 mg/kg) on the secretory activity of the hypothalamic–pituitary unit which regulates the reproductive function in females during both a physiological state and an immune/inflammatory challenge induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 400 ng/kg) injection. It was found that caffeine stimulated (p < 0.01) the biosynthesis of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in the hypothalamus of ewe under both physiological and inflammatory conditions. Caffeine also increased (p < 0.05) luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion in ewes in a physiological state; however, a single administration of caffeine failed to completely release the LH secretion from the inhibitory influence of inflammation. This could result from the decreased expression of GnRHR in the pituitary and it may also be associated with the changes in the concentration of neurotransmitters in the median eminence (ME) where GnRH neuron terminals are located. Caffeine and LPS increased (p < 0.05) dopamine in the ME which may explain the inhibition of GnRH release. Caffeine treatment also increased (p < 0.01) cortisol release, and this stimulatory effect was particularly evident in sheep under immunological stress. Our studies suggest that caffeine affects the secretory activity of the hypothalamic–pituitary unit, although its effect appears to be partially dependent on the animal’s immune status.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Caffeine on the Inflammatory-Dependent Changes in the GnRH/LH Secretion in a Female Sheep Model

Herman,

Tomczyk,

Wójcik

et al. 2024

IJMS

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The role of QRFP43 in the secretory activity of the gonadotrophic axis in female sheep

Przybył,

Szlis,

Wysoczański

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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In mammals reproduction is regulated by many factors, among others by the peptides belonging to the RFamide peptide family. However, the knowledge concerning on the impact of recently identified member of this family (QRFP43) on the modulation of the gonadotrophic axis activity is still not fully understood and current research results are ambiguous. In the present study we tested the in vivo effect of QRFP43 on the secretory activity of the gonadotrophic axis at the hypothalamic-pituitary level in Polish Merino sheep. The animals (n = 48) were randomly divided into three experimental groups: controls receiving an icv infusion of Ringer-Locke solution, group receiving icv infusion of QRFP43 at 10 μg per day and 50 μg per day. All sheep received four 50 min icv infusions at 30 min intervals, on each of three consecutive days. Hypothalamic and pituitaries were collected and secured for further immunohistochemical and molecular biological analysis. In addition, during the experiment a blood samples have been collected for subsequent RIA determinations. QRFP43 was found to downregulate Kiss mRNA expression in the MBH and reduce the level of IR material in ME. This resulted in a reduction of GnRH IR material in the ME. QRFP43 increased plasma FSH levels while decreasing LH levels. Our findings indicate that QRFP43 inhibits the activity of the gonadotropic axis in the ovine at the level of the hypothalamus and may represent another neuromodulator of reproductive processes in animals.

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Effect of kynurenic acid on enzymatic activity of the DNA base excision repair pathway in specific areas of the sheep brain

Młotkowska,

Misztal,

Kowalczyk

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Relatively low levels of antioxidant enzymes coupled with high oxygen metabolism result in the formation of numerous oxidative DNA damages in the tissues of the central nervous system. Recently, kynurenic acid (KYNA), knowns for its neuroprotective properties, has gained increasing attention in this context. Therefore, our hypothesis assumed that increased KYNA levels in the brain would positively influence mRNA expression of selected enzymes of the base excision repair pathway as well as enhance their efficiency in excising damaged nucleobases in specific areas of the sheep brain. The study was conducted on adult anestrous sheep (n = 18), in which two different doses of KYNA (20 and 100 μg/day) were infused into the third brain ventricle for three days. Molecular and biochemical analysis included the hypothalamus (preoptic and mediol-basal areas), hippocampus (CA3 field) and amygdala (central amygdaloid nucleus), dissected from the brain of sheep euthanized immediately after the last infusion. The results revealed a significant increase P < 0.001) in the relative mRNA abundance of N-methylpurine DNA glycosylase (MPG) following administration of both dose of KYNA across all examined tissues. The transcription of thymine-DNA glycosylase (TDG) increased significantly (P < 0.001) in all tissues in response to the lower KYNA dose compared to the control group. Moreover, 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) DNA glycosylase (OGG1) mRNA levels were also higher in both animal groups (P < 0.001). In addition, in the hypothalamus, hippocampus and amygdala, AP endonuclease 1 (APE1) mRNA expression increased under both doses of KYNA. Moreover, the both dose of KYNA significantly stimulated the efficiency of 8-oxoG excision in hypothalamus and amygdala (P < 0.05–0.001). The lower and higher doses of KYNA significantly influenced the effectiveness of εA and εC in all structures (P < 0.01–0.001). In conclusion, the favorable effect of KYNA in the brain may include the protection of genetic material in nerve and glial cells by stimulating the expression and efficiency of BER pathway enzymes.

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Time-dependent effect of inflammation on the gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and their receptors at the different levels of the somatotropic axis in ewe

Cited by 6 publications

References 83 publications

Effect of Caffeine on the Inflammatory-Dependent Changes in the GnRH/LH Secretion in a Female Sheep Model

Effect of Caffeine on the Inflammatory-Dependent Changes in the GnRH/LH Secretion in a Female Sheep Model

The role of QRFP43 in the secretory activity of the gonadotrophic axis in female sheep

Effect of kynurenic acid on enzymatic activity of the DNA base excision repair pathway in specific areas of the sheep brain

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