Time-dependent Changes in Smooth Muscle Cell Stiffness and Focal Adhesion Area in Response to Cyclic Equibiaxial Stretch

Na, S.; Trache, Andreea; Trzeciakowski, Jerome P.; Sun, Zhe; Meininger, Gerald A.; Humphrey, Jay D.

doi:10.1007/s10439-008-9438-7

Cited by 60 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The elasticities were averaged and their time course was plotted (Figure 2(B)). The immediate increase after the cyclic stretch and the decrease after 20 min were similar to data previously reported [13]. After these responses, the elasticity did not increase despite the application of a single step-like stretch (arrow and arrowhead in Figure 2(B)).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…With respect to regulators of cellular mechanical properties, Ca 2+ influx, integrin complex activation, and RhoA activation are known to act as first messengers [24]. As such, F-actin polymerization, cellular elasticity change, and focal adhesion (FA) creation are induced [13,25]. In these processes, MRLC phosphorylation is thought to be a principal mediator (An and Hai 2000).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Number of Cyclic Stretch Regulates Cellular Elasticity in C2C12 Myoblasts

Takemoto¹,

Mizutani

Tamura³

et al. 2012

CellBio

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Mechanical stimulations have been shown to regulate cellular mechanical properties. However, the stimulation patterns for effective regulation are as yet unclear. We investigated the effects of application of differing numbers of mechanical stimulation sets, each set consisting of 8% extension and compression to cells via deformation of cell culture elastic chamber, on cellular elasticity. Elasticity increased with only a single step-like stretch and with a single step-like stretch after 1 set of mechanical stimulation, whereas elasticity did not change with a single step-like stretch after 10 sets of mechanical stimulation. These results indicate that the increase in cellular elasticity with the single step-like stretch depends on the number of applied mechanical stimulations. Immunofluorescence staining showed that phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of myosin regulatory light chain (MRLC), which regulates intracellular contractile force and cellular elasticity, accompanied cellular elasticity changes. These findings suggest that cellular elasticity changes under cyclic and step-like stretches are mediated by MRLC.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Number of Cyclic Stretch Regulates Cellular Elasticity in C2C12 Myoblasts

Takemoto¹,

Mizutani

Tamura³

et al. 2012

CellBio

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“…One possibility is that extensive intracellular remodeling occurs to return the cytoskeleton in vascular smooth muscle cells toward a pre-contraction control state. This possibility is supported by experimental data indicating that vascular smooth muscle cells tend to maintain a state of "tensional homeostasis" with relatively constant mechanical forces via remodeling of cytoskeletal and focal adhesion structures (120,121). A second possibility is that smooth muscle cells within the vascular wall are capable of releasing their "contracted grip" on one another and/or on connective tissue elements, which allows cells to return toward their original length via the formation of cellular extensions and newly positioned cell-cell and cell-matrix focal adhesions.…”

Section: Reviews Figure 2 Sequence Of Events Involved In Vasoconstrimentioning

confidence: 81%

The Plastic Nature of the Vascular Wall: A Continuum of Remodeling Events Contributing to Control of Arteriolar Diameter and Structure

2009

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The diameter of resistance arteries has a profound effect on the distribution of microvascular blood flow and the control of systemic blood pressure. Here, we review mechanisms that contribute to the regulation of resistance artery diameter, both acutely and chronically, their temporal characteristics, and their interdependence. Furthermore, we hypothesize the existence of a remodeling continuum that allows for the vascular wall to rapidly modify its structural characteristics, specifically through the re-positioning of vascular smooth muscle cells.Importantly, the concepts presented more closely link acute vasoregulatory responses with adaptive changes in vessel wall structure. These rapid structural adaptations provide resistance vessels the ability to maintain a desired diameter under presumed optimal energetic and mechanical conditions.1548-9213/09 8.00

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“…Furthermore, the actin cytoskeleton might play a role for mechanosensation by establishing a physical link between mechanosensitive proteins (47). There is no doubt that the actin cytoskeleton influences myogenic vasoconstriction (15,16,31), with short-and long-term adaption of the cytoskeleton reflecting the plasticity of small resistance arteries in response to different strains (69).…”

Section: Potential Mechanosensors Discussed So Farmentioning

confidence: 99%

G protein-mediated stretch reception

Storch¹,

Schnitzler

Gudermann

2012

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

154

136

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Mechanosensation and -transduction are important for physiological processes like the senses of touch, hearing, and balance. The mechanisms underlying the translation of mechanical stimuli into biochemical information by activating various signaling pathways play a fundamental role in physiology and pathophysiology but are only poorly understood. Recently, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which are essential for the conversion of light, olfactory and gustatory stimuli, as well as of primary messengers like hormones and neurotransmitters into cellular signals and which play distinct roles in inflammation, cell growth, and differentiation, have emerged as potential mechanosensors. The first candidate for a mechanosensitive GPCR was the angiotensin-II type-1 (AT 1) receptor. Agonist-independent mechanical receptor activation of AT 1 receptors induces an active receptor conformation that appears to differ from agonist-induced receptor conformations and entails the activation of G proteins. Mechanically induced AT 1 receptor activation plays an important role for myogenic vasoconstriction and for the initiation of cardiac hypertrophy. A growing body of evidence suggests that other GPCRs are involved in mechanosensation as well. These findings highlight physiologically relevant, ligand-independent functions of GPCRs and add yet another facet to the polymodal activation spectrum of this ubiquitous protein family. mechanosensation; G protein-coupled receptor; angiotensin-II type-1 receptor; agonist independent THIS ARTICLE is part of a collection on G Protein Kinase A Signaling in Cardiovascular Physiology and Disease. Other articles appearing in this collection, as well as a full archive of all collections, can be found online at http://ajpheart.physiology. org/.

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Time-dependent Changes in Smooth Muscle Cell Stiffness and Focal Adhesion Area in Response to Cyclic Equibiaxial Stretch

Cited by 60 publications

References 52 publications

The Number of Cyclic Stretch Regulates Cellular Elasticity in C2C12 Myoblasts

The Number of Cyclic Stretch Regulates Cellular Elasticity in C2C12 Myoblasts

The Plastic Nature of the Vascular Wall: A Continuum of Remodeling Events Contributing to Control of Arteriolar Diameter and Structure

G protein-mediated stretch reception

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