Time-dependent behavior of porcine periodontal ligament: A combined experimental, numeric in-vitro study

Knaup, Thomas Johannes; Dirk, Cornelius; Reimann, Susanne; Keilig, Ludger; Eschbach, Meike; Korbmacher-Steiner, Heike; Bourauel, Christoph

doi:10.1016/j.ajodo.2017.05.034

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…1 d, Fig. S5a ) [ 28 ]. By applying 50 cycles of uniaxial compression in wet conditions, compressive stress-strain curve was obtained for 3D CGF/IMC and elastic modulus was calculated as 137.60 ± 54.13 KPa ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Simultaneously, the mineralized IMC layer presented a bone-like microstructure with highly interconnected and uniform pores, which was suitable for host stem cell migration and vascular ingrowth, thus allowing new bone formation. In addition to the micro/nano structure, the two phases of the CGF/IMC biphasic scaffold exhibited differential composition and mechanical properties to simulate periodontal soft/hard tissues [ 27 , 28 ]. Furthermore, growth factors play crucial roles in the complex process of biological tissue regeneration, including regulating cellular activities, stimulating ECM formation and angiogenesis, and regulating cell pathways that govern wound healing [ 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A hierarchical bilayer architecture for complex tissue regeneration

Yu¹,

Luo

Qiao

et al. 2022

Bioactive Materials

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Engineering a complete, physiologically functional, periodontal complex structure remains a great clinical challenge due to the highly hierarchical architecture of the periodontium and coordinated regulation of multiple growth factors required to induce stem cell multilineage differentiation. Using biomimetic self-assembly and microstamping techniques, we construct a hierarchical bilayer architecture consisting of intrafibrillarly mineralized collagen resembling bone and cementum, and unmineralized parallel-aligned fibrils mimicking periodontal ligament. The prepared biphasic scaffold possesses unique micro/nano structure, differential mechanical properties, and growth factor-rich microenvironment between the two phases, realizing a perfect simulation of natural periodontal hard/soft tissue interface. The interconnected porous hard compartment with a Young's modulus of 1409.00 ± 160.83 MPa could induce cross-arrangement and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells in vitro , whereas the micropatterned soft compartment with a Young's modulus of 42.62 ± 4.58 MPa containing abundant endogenous growth factors, could guide parallel arrangement and fibrogenic differentiation of stem cells in vitro . After implantation in critical-sized complete periodontal tissue defect, the biomimetic bilayer architecture potently reconstructs native periodontium with the insertion of periodontal ligament fibers into newly formed cementum and alveolar bone by recruiting host mesenchymal stem cells and activating the transforming growth factor beta 1/Smad3 signaling pathway. Taken together, integration of self-assembly and microstamping strategies could successfully fabricate a hierarchical bilayer architecture, which exhibits great potential for recruiting and regulating host stem cells to promote synergistic regeneration of hard/soft tissues.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A hierarchical bilayer architecture for complex tissue regeneration

Yu¹,

Luo

Qiao

et al. 2022

Bioactive Materials

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show abstract

“…1E ). Although frequently used to validate PDL FE models ( Qian et al 2009 ; Papadopoulou et al 2013 ; Knaup et al 2018 ), this level of validation is not as strong as if strain measurements from within the PDL were available. This work is limited by the linear elastic model assumed for the PDL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An FBG is small and flexible, permitting insertion into an intact PDL space ( Hill and Meltz 1997 ). Peak FBG strain measurements from within the PDL space have previously been reported on the order of microstrain (µε) ( Romanyk et al 2017 ; Houg et al 2021 ), while predictions from FE models using similar loading conditions were commonly reported on the order of 10,000 µε ( Qian et al 2009 ; Papadopoulou et al 2013 ; Nikolaus et al 2017 ; Knaup et al 2018 ; Ortún-Terrazas et al 2018 ). The apparent discrepancy between FBG strain and reported FE model strain indicates that the output strain measure is only a proxy representing PDL strain ( Houg et al 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain Measurement within an Intact Swine Periodontal Ligament

et al. 2022

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The periodontal ligament (PDL) provides support, proprioception, nutrition, and protection within the tooth–PDL–bone complex (TPBC). While understanding the mechanical behavior of the PDL is critical, current research has inferred PDL mechanics from finite element models, from experimental measures on complete TPBCs, or through direct measurement of isolated PDL sections. Here, transducers are used in an attempt to quantify ex vivo PDL strain. In-fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors are small flexible sensors that can be placed within an intact TPBC and yield repeatable strain measurements from within the PDL space. The objective of this study was to determine: 1) if the FBG strain measured from the PDL space of intact swine premolars ex vivo was equivalent to physical PDL strains estimated through finite element analysis and 2) if a change in FBG strain could be linearly related to a change in finite element strain under variable tooth displacement, applied to an intact swine TPBC. Experimentally, individual TPBCs were subjected to 2 displacements ( n = 14). The location of the FBG was determined from representative micro–computed tomography images. From a linear elastic finite element model of a TPBC, the strain magnitudes at the sensor locations were recorded. An experimental ratio (i.e., FBG strain at the first displacement divided by the FBG strain at the second displacement) and a finite element ratio (i.e., finite element strain at the first displacement divided by the finite element strain at the second displacement) were calculated. A linear regression model indicated a statistically significant relationship between the experimental and finite element ratio ( P = 0.017) with a correlation coefficient ( R2) of 0.448. It was concluded that the FBG sensor could be used as a measure for a change in strain and thus could be implemented in applications where the mechanical properties of an intact PDL are monitored over time.

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“…In the loaded areas, the periodontal fibres are compressed, which facilitates bone resorption. In the unloaded zone, the fibres are outstretched, which assists bone apposition 10,11 . It has been established that tension and compression within the PDL ultimately lead to OTM; however, there are still uncertainties regarding the specific physiological response of the PDL under load.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling and evaluating periodontal ligament mechanical behaviour and properties: A scoping review of current approaches and limitations

Ovy

Romanyk

Flores-Mir

et al. 2021

Orthod Craniofacial Res

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A natural human tooth consists of enamel, dentin, pulp and cementum, and its root structure is surrounded by the periodontal ligament (PDL) (Figure 1). The PDL is a soft, highly vascular and specialized connective tissue that surrounds the tooth root and attaches it to the alveolar bone. 1,2 The main components of the PDL are functionoriented elastic fibres, tissue-containing cells (eg, fibroblasts, osteoclasts, osteoblasts, cementoblasts, mastocytes and macrophages), blood and lymphatic vessels, and nerves that are connected to the tooth pulp, the tooth socket, and the gingiva. 3,4 It consists of 53%-74% collagen fibres, 1%-2% blood vessels and nerve endings, rooted

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Time-dependent behavior of porcine periodontal ligament: A combined experimental, numeric in-vitro study

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

A hierarchical bilayer architecture for complex tissue regeneration

A hierarchical bilayer architecture for complex tissue regeneration

Strain Measurement within an Intact Swine Periodontal Ligament

Modelling and evaluating periodontal ligament mechanical behaviour and properties: A scoping review of current approaches and limitations

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