Time course of the development of the enhanced behavioral and biochemical responses to amphetamine after pretreatment with amphetamine

Kolta, Malak G.; Shreve, Paul E.; Souza, Viviane de Oliveira Nogueira; Uretsky, Norman J.

doi:10.1016/0028-3908(85)90032-2

Cited by 188 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Thus, this additional exposure to AMPH is unlikely to account for the persistence of sensitization. Similar long-lasting changes in AMPH-induced behavior have been observed previously (Segal and Mandell 1974;Klawans and Margolin 1975;Kolta et al 1985;Robinson and Becker 1986). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Dissociation between long-lasting behavioral sensitization to amphetamine and impulsive choice in rats performing a delay-discounting task

et al. 2008

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Rationale: Repeated amphetamine (AMPH) exposure is known to cause long-term changes in AMPH-induced locomotor behavior (i.e., sensitization) that are associated with similarly long-lasting changes in brain function. It is not clear, however, if such exposure produces long-lasting changes in a cognitive behavior that, in humans, is hypothesized to contribute to addiction. Objectives:To examine whether repeated AMPH exposure induces both locomotor sensitization and alters impulsive choice in a delay-discounting task.Methods: Adult, male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 29) were pre-treated with 3.0 mg/kg AMPH or saline every other day for 20 days, and were then trained to lever press for small, immediately delivered food reinforcement or larger reinforcements delivered after delays. We subsequently assessed the effects of acute AMPH (0.1-2.0 mg/kg) on delay-discounting. Lastly, we tested for longlasting effects of pre-treatment by giving an AMPH challenge (3.0 mg/kg) one week after the final delay-discounting session.Results: Repeated AMPH produced sensitization to the drug's stereotypy-inducing effects, but did not alter acquisition or baseline behavior in the delay-discounting task. Following acute AMPH, impulsive choice and other measures of delay-discounting were altered, but to a similar extent in both saline-and AMPH-pretreated groups. The AMPH challenge, given ∼3 months after the last pretreatment injection, revealed sensitization was still evident. Conclusions:Our results suggest that one behavioral consequence of repeated AMPH exposure -sensitization -does not overlap with another potential outcome -increased impulsivity. Furthermore, the neuroadaptations known to be associated with sensitization may be somewhat distinct from those that lead to changes in impulsive choice.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Dissociation between long-lasting behavioral sensitization to amphetamine and impulsive choice in rats performing a delay-discounting task

et al. 2008

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“…However, this was relatively transitory because there was a marked increase in NAC-1 expression measured 1 week after the last daily injection. Interestingly, a similar time course has been shown for a number of neurochemical and behavioral alterations associated with sensitization to psychostimulants; the expression of enhanced locomotor activity and the increase in releasability of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens are greater at 1 week or more of withdrawal, as compared with the first 24 -72 hr after the last daily psychostimulant injection (Kolta et al, 1985;Kalivas and Duffy, 1993;Wolf et al, 1993;Paulson and Robinson, 1995;Heidebreder et al, 1996). The parallel time course between the expression of behavioral sensitization and the increase in NAC -1 expression is also consistent with the hypothesis that changes in NAC -1 expression may, in part, modulate behavioral sensitization.…”

Section: Increased Nac-1 Mrna Levels Represent a Long-lasting Effect supporting

confidence: 56%

NAC-1, a Rat Brain mRNA, Is Increased in the Nucleus Accumbens Three Weeks after Chronic Cocaine Self-Administration

et al. 1997

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Chronic cocaine use leads to biochemical and behavioral changes that can persist for weeks to months after drug administration is discontinued. Alterations in gene expression in the mammalian CNS may contribute to these long-term neural consequences of cocaine abuse. A combined in situ transcription-PCR amplification strategy was used to isolate a novel mRNA, NAC-1, from the nucleus accumbens of rats 3 weeks after discontinuing 3 weeks of intravenous cocaine self-administration. In rats that selfadministered cocaine, levels of NAC-1 were increased ϳ50% in the nucleus accumbens but not in the dorsal striatum or hippocampus, when compared with levels from yoked-saline controls. In situ hybridization analysis demonstrated increased numbers of NAC-1-expressing cells in the nucleus accumbens of rats who had self-administered cocaine. NAC-1 mRNA exists as one form, ϳ4400 nucleotides (nt) in size, and also is present at much lower amounts in non-neural tissues. A full-length cDNA clone was isolated from a whole brain library. The predicted polypeptide sequence contains a POZ domain in the first 120 amino acids; the same POZ domain sequence mediates protein-protein interactions among some transcriptional regulators. NAC-1 mRNA levels were also increased in the nucleus accumbens 1 week after 6 d of noncontingent cocaine treatments. Regulation of NAC-1 mRNA in the nucleus accumbens demonstrates a long-term effect of cocaine use on cellular function that may be relevant in behavioral sensitization or cocaine self-administration.

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“…This clearly occurs since dopamine release from striatal tissue slices or synaptosomes is enhanced in rats pretreated with repeated injections of amphetamine or cocaine (Robinson and Becker, 1982;Kolta et al, 1985;Pens et al, 1990). Alternatively, there may exist changes in the excitability of dopamine cells in the ventral mesencephalon of sensitized animals (Tong et al, 1995;White et al, 1995), and the resulting changes in firing frequency or pattern can facilitate dopamine release in the axon terminals (Suaud-Chagny et al, 1992).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeated Cocaine Administration Alters Extracellular Glutamate in the Ventral Tegmental Area

Kalivas

Duffy

1998

Journal of Neurochemistry

173

115

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Abstract:The present study determined if repeated cocaine injections alter the effect of cocaine on extracellular glutamate in the ventral tegmental area (VTA). All rats were treated with daily cocaine (15 mg/kg i.p. x 2 days, 30 mg/kg i.p. x 5 days) or saline for 7 days. At 21 days after discontinuing the daily injections, a dialysis probe was placed into the VTA and the extracellular levels of glutamate were estimated. A systemic injection of cocaine (15 mg/kg i.p.) elevated extracellular glutamate in the VTA of rats pretreated with daily cocaine but not in the daily saline-pretreated subjects. No significant change in glutamate was produced by a saline injection in either pretreatment group. In a group of rats pretreated with daily cocaine, the D 1 antagonist SCH-23390 (30 /2M) was infused through the dialysis probe prior to the acute injections of saline and cocaine. SCH-23390 prevented the increase in extracellular glutamate associated with the acute administration of cocaine. Behavioral data were collected simultaneously with the measures of extracelluar glutamate. The behavioral stimulant effect of cocaine was greater in cocaine-pretreated than saline-pretreated subjects, and the behavioral augmentation in cocainepretreated rats was partly blocked by SCH-23390. These data support the hypotheses that repeated cocaine administration produces an increase in the capacity of D1 receptor stimulation to release glutamate in the VTA and that this mechanism partly mediates behavioral sensitization produced in rats treated with daily cocaine injections.

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Time course of the development of the enhanced behavioral and biochemical responses to amphetamine after pretreatment with amphetamine

Cited by 188 publications

References 25 publications

Dissociation between long-lasting behavioral sensitization to amphetamine and impulsive choice in rats performing a delay-discounting task

Dissociation between long-lasting behavioral sensitization to amphetamine and impulsive choice in rats performing a delay-discounting task

NAC-1, a Rat Brain mRNA, Is Increased in the Nucleus Accumbens Three Weeks after Chronic Cocaine Self-Administration

Repeated Cocaine Administration Alters Extracellular Glutamate in the Ventral Tegmental Area

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