“…To determine the protein alterations in response to heavy metal stress in polar yeast, a proteomic analysis by the method of 2‐DE and MALDI‐TOF/TOF MS was performed. To the best of our knowledge, proteomic analysis from the Antarctic organisms aimed at archaeon (Liao et al., ), bacteria (Kulkarni, Swamy, & Jagannadham, ), alga (Park, Jin, & Lee, ), and animals (Piechnik, Höckner, de Souza, Donatti, & Tomanek, ), and no study of proteome responses induced by heavy metal in Antarctic yeast was reported. Here, results of proteomics researches indicated that 51 DEPs were identified in Antarctic yeast R. mucilaginosa AN5, and they were classified into 6 categories by functional analysis, including carbohydrate and energy metabolism, nucleotide and amino acid metabolism, protein folding, antioxidant system, signaling, and unknown function proteins.…”