Time course of coproantigen excretion in Echinococcus multilocularis infections in foxes and an alternative definitive host, golden hamsters

Nonaka, Nariaki; Iida, Masaya; Yagi, Kinpei; Ito, Takuya; Ooi, Hong-Kean; Oku, Yuzaburo; Kamiya, Mitsunobu

doi:10.1016/s0020-7519(96)00117-8

Cited by 63 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In the experimental infection of foxes, parasite eggs were initially detected in the feces at 29-33 days after infection (Nonaka et al, 1996), and at 29-32 days (Yagi and Ito, 1998), but not detected thereafter until 66-84 days after infection (Nonaka et al, 1996). Abundant eggs were excreted from the experimentally infected foxes during the initial week of egg output, and thereafter the number of eggs fell off rapidly (Yagi and Ito, 1998).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

A model for the transmission of Echinococcus multilocularis in Hokkaido, Japan

Ishikawa

Ohga

Doi

2003

Parasitology Research

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

A model for the transmission of Echinococcus multilocularis in Hokkaido, Japan

Ishikawa

Ohga

Doi

2003

Parasitology Research

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“…These methods not only are timeconsuming, but also suffer from low sensitivity and specificity (Craig, 1997). Eggs are not released during the pre-patent period and their release is irregular during patency (Nonaka et al, 1996). Morphological similarities among eggs of all the taeniid species that may infect dogs simultaneously limit the specificity of direct methods.…”

Section: U Nilocular Hydatidosis or Cystic Echinococcosis (Ce) Is A Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Serodiagnosis is accom panied with false negative results at the commence ment of infection and false positive ones due to cross reactivity with other helminth infections Rickard, 1985 andGasser et al, 1988 and1993). The sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has recently been applied for diagnosis of E. granulosus and E. multilocularis in canines through the detection of coproantigens (Allan et al, 1992;Deplazes et al, 1992 and1994;Craig et al, 1995;Nonaka et al, 1996;Malgor et al, 1997;Ahmad & Nizami, 1998). The coproantigen test has the advan tage of early detection of the infection during prepatency, in 4-10 days post-infection (Deplazes et al, 1992).…”

Section: U Nilocular Hydatidosis or Cystic Echinococcosis (Ce) Is A Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of canine echinococcosis: comparison of coproantigen detection with necropsy in stray dogs and red foxes from northern Jordan

et al. 2000

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Summary:The sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used as a diagnostic test for Echinococcus granulosus infection by detecting coproantigens in 94 stray dogs Corn's familiaris and eight red foxes (Vu/pes vulpes) from northern Jordan. The results were analyzed in relation to actual helminth infection as revealed by necropsy. The infection rate of dogs with E. granulosus was 1 3.8 % with a worm load ranging between 3 -> 10,000 per infected dog. In contrast, eight of 1 3 E. granulosus infected dogs were coproantigen positive (overall sensitivity 61.5 %). The sensitivity increased to 87.5 % and 100 % in dogs harboring > 20 and > 100 worms/dog, respectively. The specificity of coproantigen-ELISA was 91 %. The greatest cross-reactivity was found in dogs infected with Dipylidium caninum. The positive and negative predictive values for the coproantigen-ELISA test were 50 % and 94.2 %, respectively. Thus, a coproantigen negative dog is most probably truly negative for E. granulosus. In contrast, a coproantigen positive dog may not be truly positive for E. granulosus, except if it has a high worm burden of > 1 00 worms/animal. KEY WORDS :

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“…He demonstrated a ' gradient ' of host suitability in terms of parasite development and maturation with the fox better than the dog, and both better than the cat. Subsequent studies have compared development of E. multilocularis in dogs (Yamashita, Ohbayashi and Kitamura, 1958), dogs and cats (Crellin, Marchiondo and Andersen, 1981 ;Thompson and Eckert, 1983 ;Kamiya et al 1985 ;Kamiya, Ooi and Ohbayashi, 1986 ;Thompson, Deplazes and Eckert, 2003), foxes and dogs (Yagi, Ito and Ishige, 1996), foxes (Nonaka et al 1996) and cats (Jenkins and Romig, 2000), and have reinforced the fox as representing the optimum host for E. multilocularis in terms of worm burden and development. However, few of these studies have allowed infections to reach patency, and questions also remain regarding the suitability of the dog and cat, and now, more recently, the raccoon dog.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative development of Echinococcus multilocularis in its definitive hosts

Thompson

Kapel²,

Hobbs

et al. 2006

Parasitology

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The comparative development of Echinococcus multilocularis was studied in its definitive hosts, the fox, dog, cat and raccoon dog, beyond the pre-patent period to 90 days post-infection. All host species, apart from cats were susceptible to infection and capable of supporting substantial worm burdens. Although worms in cats matured and produced thick-shelled eggs, their overall development was retarded compared to that in other species in which the parasite matured rapidly producing large populations of gravid worms. E. multilocularis matured rapidly in foxes and raccoon dogs and this was sustained in raccoon dogs but not in foxes in which maturation of worms declined during the later stages of infection, in contrast to that in both raccoon dogs and dogs. These populations were sustained for longer in raccoon dogs and dogs compared to foxes. Cats would appear to have only a minor role in the maintenance of E. multilocularis in endemic areas, and infections in cats may be of minimal public health significance. In contrast, foxes, dogs and the recently recognized definitive host the raccoon dog, are all capable of playing significant roles in the epidemiology of alveolar echinococcosis. This study also demonstrated that the developmental processes of growth, segmentation, proglottization and maturation in adult Echinococcus are independent and can be influenced by environmental factors thus confirming earlier in vitro observations.

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Time course of coproantigen excretion in Echinococcus multilocularis infections in foxes and an alternative definitive host, golden hamsters

Cited by 63 publications

References 15 publications

A model for the transmission of Echinococcus multilocularis in Hokkaido, Japan

A model for the transmission of Echinococcus multilocularis in Hokkaido, Japan

Diagnosis of canine echinococcosis: comparison of coproantigen detection with necropsy in stray dogs and red foxes from northern Jordan

Comparative development of Echinococcus multilocularis in its definitive hosts

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