Time-Course Mass Spectrometry Imaging for Depicting Drug Incorporation into Hair

Kamata, Toshihide; Shima, Noriaki; Sasaki, Koichi; Matsuta, Shuntaro; Takei, Shiori; Katagi, Munehiro; Miki, Akihiro; Zaitsu, Kei; Nakanishi, Toyofumi; Sato, Takako; Suzuki, Koichi; Tsuchihashi, Hitoshi

doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.5b00971

Cited by 73 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Both high spatial resolution and detection sensitivity are required to measure the distributions of drugs in a strand of hair in detail. Kamata et al previously reported 1‐mm segmental analysis using LC–MS/MS and time‐course analysis using MALDI–IMS of methoxyphenamine in a strand of hair, which was sampled with the root intact . Shima et al also performed the combination of LC–MS/MS and MALDI–IMS for measuring the distribution of zolpidem in a strand of hair …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different localizations of drugs simultaneously administered in a strand of hair by micro‐segmental analysis

Kuwayama

Miyaguchi

Iwata

et al. 2017

Drug Testing and Analysis

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Segmental hair analysis is used to estimate the time of drug intake at monthly precision in drug-related crimes. Previously, we advanced this analytical method to specify the day of drug intake by cutting a strand of hair into 0.4-mm segments, which correspond to daily hair growth. Herein, we investigated the distributions of 7 compounds in a strand of hair using micro-segmental analysis. Several strands of hair were collected 33.1-229.4 days after subjects were administered 4 pharmaceutical products that contained 10 drugs in single doses within 32 hours. The administered drugs and resulting metabolites were extracted from 0.4-mm hair segments and quantified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Acidic and neutral compounds were detected at low amounts in any of the hair segments analyzed. Epinastine, fexofenadine, dihydrocodeine, chlorpheniramine, and the chlorpheniramine metabolite, desmethylchlorpheniramine each was localized to 2 regions within a strand of hair. By contrast, methylephedrine and its metabolite, ephedrine, each was localized to only a region. Among 20 individual strands of hair associated with different subjects and head regions, few differences in the shapes of drug concentration-hair segment curves for each compound were detected. Our data indicated that 2 mechanisms for drug uptake into hair can operate depending on drug properties and that co-administered drugs can be localized to different regions in a strand of hair. Micro-segmental analysis may aid in the identification of the day of drug intake and help to elucidate the mechanisms of drug uptake into hair.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different localizations of drugs simultaneously administered in a strand of hair by micro‐segmental analysis

Kuwayama

Miyaguchi

Iwata

et al. 2017

Drug Testing and Analysis

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“…The segments representing the time of intake were positive but also in each case one of the neighbouring segments was positive. This observation has been described before and is likely caused either by the different incorporation routes (blood and sweat) into hair but also by the percentage of telogen hair . Moreover, hair sampling can play a crucial role and may affect the distribution pattern of the positive segments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Chiral analysis of amphetamines in hair by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry: compliance‐monitoring of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) patients under Elvanse® therapy and identification after controlled low‐dose application

Binz

Williner

Strajhar

et al. 2017

Drug Testing and Analysis

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Amphetamine (AMP) is used as an illicit drug and also for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Respective drugs most often contain the enantiomer (S)-AMP as active compound or (S)-AMP is formed from the prodrug lisdexamfetamine (Elvanse®) whereas the illicit drug is usually traded as racemate ((R/S)-AMP). A differentiation between the use of the medically prescribed drug and the abuse of illicit street amphetamine is of great importance, for example in retrospective consumption monitoring by hair analysis. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the chiral separation and quantitation of (S)- and (R)-AMP in hair was developed. For this purpose, 20 mg hair was extracted and derivatized with N-(2,4-dinitro-5-fluorophenyl)-L(S)-valinamide L(S)-(DNPV) to yield amphetamine diastereomers. Baseline separation of the resulting diastereomers was achieved on a high-pressure liquid-chromatography system (HPLC) coupled to a Sciex QTRAP® 5500 linear ion trap quadrupole mass spectrometer. The method was successfully validated. Analysis of hair samples from nine Elvanse® patients revealed only (S)-AMP in eight cases; one subject showed both enantiomers indicating a (side-) consumption of street amphetamine. The analysis of the 16 amphetamine users' samples showed only racemic amphetamine. Furthermore, it could be shown in a controlled study that (S)-AMP can be detected after administration of even very low doses of lisdexamfetamine and dexamphetamine, which can be of interest in forensic toxicology and especially in drug-facilitated crime (DFC). The method now enables the retrospective compliance-monitoring of ADHD patients and the differentiation between medically prescribed intake of (S)-amphetamine and abuse of illicit street amphetamine.

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“…More elaborate preparation procedures aimed at enhancing the extraction of specific target compounds have recently been reported (46,47 ). The incorporation of compounds into the hair root has been studied over the course of weeks (48 ). Although most analyses are performed on single strands of longitudinally sliced hair simply plucked from the head, a recent investigation used daily shaved beard hair (49 ).…”

Section: Direct Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of MALDI Mass Spectrometry in Clinical Chemistry

et al. 2016

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BACKGROUND MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS) is set to make inroads into clinical chemistry because it offers advantages over other analytical platforms. These advantages include low acquisition and operating costs, ease of use, ruggedness, and high throughput. When coupled with innovative front-end strategies and applied to important clinical problems, it can deliver rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective assays. CONTENT This review describes the general principles of MALDI-TOF MS, highlights the unique features of the platform, and discusses some practical methods based upon it. There is substantial potential for MALDI-TOF MS to make further inroads into clinical chemistry because of the selectivity of mass detection and its ability to independently quantify proteoforms. SUMMARY MALDI-TOF MS has already transformed the practice of clinical microbiology and this review illustrates how and why it is now set to play an increasingly important role in in vitro diagnostics in particular, and clinical chemistry in general.

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Time-Course Mass Spectrometry Imaging for Depicting Drug Incorporation into Hair

Cited by 73 publications

References 23 publications

Different localizations of drugs simultaneously administered in a strand of hair by micro‐segmental analysis

Different localizations of drugs simultaneously administered in a strand of hair by micro‐segmental analysis

Chiral analysis of amphetamines in hair by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry: compliance‐monitoring of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) patients under Elvanse® therapy and identification after controlled low‐dose application

Applications of MALDI Mass Spectrometry in Clinical Chemistry

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