Time-course gait analysis of hemiparkinsonian rats following 6-hydroxydopamine lesion

Abstract

a b s t r a c tThe food supply chain is affected by losses of products near to their expiry date or damaged by improper transportation or production defects. Such products are usually poorly attractive for the consumer in the target market even if they maintain their nutritional properties. On the other hand undernourished people face every day the problem of fulfilling their nutritional needs usually relying on non-profit organizations. In this field the food recovery enabling economic benefits for donors is nowadays seen as a coherent way to manage food products unsalable in the target market for various causes and thus destined to be discarded and disposed to landfill thus representing only a cost. Despite its obvious affordability the food recovery is today not always practiced because the economic benefits that could be achieved are barely known. The paper aims at presenting a deterministic mathematical model for the optimization of the supply chain composed by retailers and potential recipients that practice the food recovery, taking into account the benefits recognized to donors and the management costs of the food recovery. The model determines the optimal time to withdraw the products from the shelves as well as the quantities to be donated to the non-profit organizations and those to be sent to the livestock market maximizing the retailer profit. The results show that the optimal conditions ensuring the affordability of the food recovery strategy including the tax reliefs and cost saving for the retailers outperforms the profit achievable in absence of such a system.

The impact of land cover generated by a dynamic vegetation model on climate over east Asia in present and possible future climate

“…The horizontal grid interval was 1.25 • × 1.875 • in the latitudelongitude directions, and 38 vertical layers were used with the top of atmosphere over 39 km in height. The land surface scheme in the HadGEM2 family is a tiled version of the Met Office Surface Exchange Scheme (MOSES) version 2, which represents heterogeneous surface properties (Cox et al, 1999;Essery and Clark, 2003). A grid box represents a mixture of five vegetation or plant functional types (PFTs), which include broadleaf trees, needleleaf trees, temperate C 3 grass, tropical C 4 grass and shrubs, and four non-vegetated surface types, which include urban, inland water, bare soil and ice.…”

“…To compare model results in the present-day runs with observations we used the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) precipitation (Alder et al, 2003;Huffman et al, 2009), the CPC Merged Analysis of Precipitation (CMAP; Xie and Arkin, 1997) and the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) mean surface air temperature (Harris et al, 2013). In this study, summer represents the period from June to August.…”

Condição de contorno para calibração de reflectômetro usado para medição de água no solo

“…O uso de curva de calibração sem condição de contorno (sem medidas de K a em água) requer maior atenção com as estimativas do θ em solo próximo da saturação e aumenta a chance de necessidade de correção da curva de calibração, procedimento recomendado por SERRARENS et al (2000) e STANGL et al (2009). Portanto, a validade da curva é restrita para o intervalo de K a medidos no campo, que permanecem dentro do intervalo de K a usados na curva de calibração.…”

“…Em alguns casos, há necessidade ainda de corrigir a calibração obtida em laboratório com medidas posteriores de campo (STANGL et al, 2009), procedimento que pode ser feito individualmente por guia de TDR (SERRARENS et al, 2000). O aumento no comprimento do cabo entre o emissor do pulso elétrico e a guia de medição instalada no campo pode atenuar o sinal refletido e alterar o valor de K a (COELHO et al, 2005).…”

Light-flavour hadron production in pp and Pb–Pb collisions in the ALICE experiment at the LHC

“…This seems to suggest that, at higher p T (p T > 8 -10 GeV/c), the dense medium formed in Pb-Pb collisions does not affect the fragmentation [23].…”