Time Course Changes of Oxidative Stress Markers in a Rat Experimental Glaucoma Model

Abstract

Reactive species were increased in glaucoma, as evidenced by the increases in CL, TBARS, and NC. The decrease in the antioxidant levels may be a consequence of an increase in oxidative processes.

Evidence of Oxidative Stress Damage in Glaucoma

“…Figure 6 shown, a significant increase of lipid peroxidation occurred through 15 days after IOP elevation. Negative correlation between TRAP and TBARS levels was found (Ferreira et al, 2010). The levels of lipid peroxidation products are increased meanwhile the levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants are decreased in the optic nerve head of rats with glaucoma.…”

“…Oxidative stress has been implicated as a risk factor at several levels in the pathophysiology of glaucoma (Ferreira et al, 2004(Ferreira et al, , 2009(Ferreira et al, , 2010 as well as neurodegenerative diseases (Famulari et al, 1996); growing evidence supports the role of oxidative stress in glaucomatous neurodegeneration (Tezel, 2006). Reactive oxygen species are involved in signalling pathways during retinal ganglion cells death by acting as second messengers and/or modulating protein functions (Neufeld et al, 1999).…”

“…However, lowering IOP may not be enough in every case, since different mechanisms that may or may not depend on the IOP level could contribute to this damage. Proposed mechanisms include ischemia (Lander, 1982), obstruction of axoplasmic flow (Anderson & Hendrickson 1974) and deprivation of one or more trophic factors (Quigley et al, 1995), excitoxicity (Vorwerk et al, 1997) and oxidative stress damage (Ferreira et al, 2004(Ferreira et al, , 2009(Ferreira et al, , 2010. IOP is not elevated in all the eyes that exhibit characteristics of glaucomatous neurodegeneration but experimental elevation of IOP induces oxidative stress in the retina.…”

“…This model induced high intraocular pressure and optic nerve head damage. It appears to mimic features of primary open angle glaucoma; therefore, it may be useful to understand the time-course of this ocular disease (Ferreira et al, 2010). The relationship between the development of glaucoma and oxidative stress was evaluated.…”

“…Increased levels of chemiluminescence indicated the occurrence of oxidative stress. Therefore chemiluminescence can be considered a non-invasive, nondestructive assay that can be useful in monitoring cellular damage in glaucomatous eyes (Ferreira et al, 2010).…”