Time and timekeeping in psychoanalysis and psychotherapy

Ingram, Douglas H.

doi:10.1007/bf01673815

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Similarly, the American philosopher Dewey (1940) termed time as the “destroyer,” whereas Seymour (2002) maintained that bodily deterioration and its eventual death are directly related to the flow of time. Time has also been reflected and symbolized in mythical figures such as “Father Time,” “The Grim Ripper,” and so on, and as such has been feared and hated (Arlow, 1986; Ingram, 1979). It is of interest to also note that even the world of physics, the Second Law of Thermodynamics, often referred to as the Law of Entropy , indicates that all closed physical systems, with time, move into a greater state of entropy (or increased amount of disorder).…”

Section: Time and Deathmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Concept of Time in Rehabilitation and Psychosocial Adaptation to Chronic Illness and Disability

Livneh

2012

Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin

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The literature on time, its perception, orientation, meaning, and in general relationship to the human experience is of voluminous magnitude. In Part I of this article, the concept of time was approached from a historical perspective, with emphasis on theoretical and clinical views regarding the nature, structure, and passage of time. Whenever permissible, implications of how time aligns with psychosocial adaptation to chronic illness and disability (CID) were suggested. Part I concluded with a review of how time is conceptualized and integrated within the boundaries of several of the leading personality theories and psychotherapeutic models. When appropriate, referencing pertinent literature from the field of adaptation to CID was attempted.In Part II of this article, the discussion decidedly swings toward the field of rehabilitation with particular attention to the theoretical underpinnings and empirical findings that directly address psychosocial adaptation to CID. Accordingly, in this part, the discussion focuses on (a) briefly reviewing time and death, as the latter has been linked, albeit most symbolically, through the paths of loss, grief, and threat to life, to the onset of various types of CID; (b) time orientation/ perception within the context of psychiatric disabilities, namely, anxiety, mood disorders, psychotic impairments, and antisocial personality disorders; (c) the relevant empirical literature on the relationships between time orientation/ perception and psychosocial adaptation to CID; and (d) those treatment modalities that could be beneficial for individuals whose CID results in time distortions. Time and DeathOver half a century ago, Heidegger posited that the inevitability of death lays the foundation to how humans perceive and experience time. AbstractThe first part of this article focused on providing the reader with a general overview of the concept of time with special emphasis on understanding time's role in the structure of personality theories and their associated therapeutic approaches, as well as linking the discussion to the understanding of time in the context of psychosocial adaptation to chronic illnesses and disabilities (CIDs). In the second part of this article, the author seeks to (a) briefly comment on the association among death, disability, and time; (b) discuss findings from the clinical and empirical literatures regarding time perception/ orientation within the context of psychiatric disabilities; (c) review findings on the relationships between time perception/ orientation and psychosocial adaptation to CIDs; and (d) highlight those treatment modalities that have been suggested for individuals whose disabilities have resulted in time distortions.

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Section: Time and Deathmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Concept of Time in Rehabilitation and Psychosocial Adaptation to Chronic Illness and Disability

Livneh

2012

Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin

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“…Wallace & Rabin (1960) cite Freud’s (1952) view that the concept of time is developed through periodic interruptions in the cathexis of external gratifying objects. This view prefigures the understanding of the disturbance of temporal perspective as rooted in the experience of excessive frustration (Ingram, 1979). Kohut (1971) has discussed the precarious sense of continuity in time and the resulting fear of fragmentation experienced by the narcissistic patient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

A thematic analysis of the addictive experience: Implications for psychotherapy.

Hopson¹

1993

Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training

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“…The ability to wait for changes to occur, and to have faith that they will occur, is a mark of ego-strength or of “trust in time” (Erikson, 1956; Goldberg, 1971). Psychotherapy may be a matter of freeing the patient from neurotic compulsions (i.e., being “stuck in time”) so that he may change (Beck, 1979) or of establishing enough continuity in the patient’s existence so that a more cohesive sense of self and others may develop (Ingram, 1979; Seeman, 1976).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study of time in psychology has been approached from a variety of theoretical and methodological orientations (Doob, 1971; Fraisse, 1963; Zelkind & Sprug, 1974). The experimental psychologist measuring work-rate among “time urgent,” coronary-prone individuals (Yarnold & Grimm, 1982) is said to be studying “time”; as is the clinician analyzing the importance of time-keeping in psychotherapy (Ingram, 1979); as is the existential psychologist seeking to define the “structural coordinates” of reality (Keen, 1970). A unified conceptual framework capable of integrating these diverse aspects of the subject of time seems both absent and needed.…”

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confidence: 99%

A thematic analysis of the experience of time.

Dapkus¹

1985

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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A category system describing the human experience of time was developed in efforts to put existing theoretical notions about time ("future time perspective," "time urgency," "object constancy," etc.) into a broader theoretical context. Twenty mature, articulate, well-educated subjects were interviewed about their "experience of time." A thematic analysis of these interviews produced three major categories: (1) Change and Continuity ("becoming in time"), (2) Limits and Choices ("doing in time"), and (3) Tempo ("pacing in time"). The experience of time in various diagnostic groups was discussed in terms of the category system.

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Time and timekeeping in psychoanalysis and psychotherapy

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

The Concept of Time in Rehabilitation and Psychosocial Adaptation to Chronic Illness and Disability

The Concept of Time in Rehabilitation and Psychosocial Adaptation to Chronic Illness and Disability

A thematic analysis of the addictive experience: Implications for psychotherapy.

A thematic analysis of the experience of time.

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