Time after Time: Temporal Variation in the Effects of Grass and Forb Species on Soil Bacterial and Fungal Communities

Hannula, S. Emilia; Kielak, Anna M.; Steinauer, Katja; Huberty, Martine; Jongen, Renske; Long, Jonathan R. De; Heinen, Robin; Bezemer, T. Martijn

doi:10.1128/mbio.02635-19

Cited by 75 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…As the soil communities were sampled in September 2017, three months after the conditioning vegetation was removed, the original conditioning effects on soil bacteria may have disappeared. This is in strong agreement with recent findings that soil fungal communities are shaped over time by plants, whereas bacterial communities are shaped far less strongly by plants, and instead more by varying environmental conditions over time (Hannula et al 2019b). Soil legacy effects in natural plant communities are likely not driven by one taxon specifically, but rather by the composition of the soil fungal community as a whole (Semchenko et al 2018; Bennett & Klironomos 2018; Mommer et al 2018, but see Harrison & Bardgett, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…This finding is also in strong agreement with previous work from artificial/pot studies (Kulmatiski et al 2008; Petermann et al 2008; De Kroon et al 2012; Wubs & Bezemer, 2018). The functional type of a plant also has a strong effect on the community structure of soil fungi (Kos et al 2015; Heinen et al 2018; Hannula et al 2019b). We hypothesised that manipulation of the composition of the conditioning plant communities would result in different microbial soil legacies mainly due to accumulation of specialised soil pathogens and mutualists such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As plant species‐specific communities of soil organisms develop around the roots of plants, soil legacies may become stronger over time (Diez et al 2010). While it has been shown that individual plants in the field influence their local soil community (De Rooij‐Van der Goes, Peters & Van der Putten 1998; Bezemer et al 2006; Casper & Castelli 2007; Van de Voorde et al 2011; Hannula et al 2019a,b), how different plant communities drive soil legacies in the field and how this affects the establishment of responding mixed plant communities in these soils is not known (Ehrenfeld et al 2005; Kardol et al 2007; Van der Putten et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant community composition steers grassland vegetation via soil legacy effects

et al. 2020

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Soil legacy effects are commonly highlighted as drivers of plant community dynamics and species co-existence. However, experimental evidence for soil legacy effects of conditioning plant communities on responding plant communities under natural conditions is lacking. We conditioned 192 grassland plots using six different plant communities with different ratios of grasses and forbs and for different durations. Soil microbial legacies were evident for soil fungi, but not for soil bacteria, while soil abiotic parameters did not significantly change in response to conditioning. The soil legacies affected the composition of the succeeding vegetation. Plant communities with different ratios of grasses and forbs left soil legacies that negatively affected succeeding plants of the same functional type. We conclude that fungal-mediated soil legacy effects play a significant role in vegetation assembly of natural plant communities. and robin.heinen@tum.de † These authors contributed equally to this work.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant community composition steers grassland vegetation via soil legacy effects

et al. 2020

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“…Our findings indicate that habitat (soil versus phyllosphere), host species (soy versus corn), time, and their interactions are all strong drivers of bacterial composition variation in a soybean and corn agroecosystem. While this result is perhaps not surprising given that previous studies have identified these factors as important drivers of phyllosphere [5,6,55] and soil bacterial communities [11,13,14], our results suggest that complex interactions among these factors drive overall community composition and diversity. In particular, we have shown a role for temporal variation, alone and in interaction with habitat and host species, as an important driver of bacterial community composition variation, especially in the phyllosphere.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Host species were found to be a more important driver of variation in phyllosphere bacterial communities than time [10]. Other studies on the composition of soil bacteria have associated community variations with host plant species and growth stage [11], site [12] and time [13,14]. Host species were also shown to be a stronger driver of variation in soil bacterial communities than host plant growth stage and development time [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Effects of Neonicotinoid Seed Treatments on Phyllosphere and Soil Bacterial Communities Over Time

Parizadeh

Mimee

Kembel

2020

Preprint

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BackgroundThe phyllosphere and soil are dynamic habitats for microbial communities. Non-pathogenic microbiota, including leaf and soil beneficial bacteria, plays a crucial role in plant growth and health, as well as in soil fertility and organic matter production. In sustainable agriculture, it is important to understand the composition of these bacterial communities, their changes in response to disturbances, and their resilience to agricultural practices. Widespread pesticide application may have had non-target impacts on these beneficial microorganisms. Neonicotinoids are a family of systemic insecticides being vastly used to control soil and foliar pests in recent decades. A few studies have demonstrated the long-term and non-target effects of neonicotinoids on agroecosystem microbiota, but the generality of these findings remains unclear. In this study, we used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to characterize the effects of neonicotinoid seed treatment on soil and phyllosphere bacterial community diversity, composition and temporal dynamics in a three-year soybean/corn rotation in Quebec, Canada. Results We found that habitat, host species and time are stronger drivers of variation in bacterial composition than neonicotinoid application. They respectively explained 37.3%, 3.2% and 2.9% of the community variation. However, neonicotinoids did have an impact on bacterial community structure, especially on the taxonomic composition of soil communities (2.6%) and over time (2.4%). They also caused a decrease in soil alpha diversity in the middle of the growing season. While the neonicotinoid treatment favored some bacterial genera known as neonicotinoid biodegraders, there was a decline in the relative abundance of some potentially beneficial soil bacteria, such as the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and the bacteria involved in the nitrogen cycle, in response to the pesticide application.ConclusionsOur results indicate that neonicotinoids have non-target effects on phyllosphere and soil bacterial communities in a soybean-corn agroecosystem, especially potentially beneficial bacteria that are vital for plant growth and improve soil fertility. Exploring the interactions among bacteria and other organisms, as well as the bacterial functional responses to the pesticide treatment, may enhance our understanding of these non-target effects and help us adapt agricultural practices to control these impacts.

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Fungal communities are passengers in community development of dune ecosystems, while bacteria are not

Gao,

Bezemer,

van Bodegom

et al. 2024

Ecology

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An increasing number of studies of above‐belowground interactions provide a fundamental basis for our understanding of the coexistence between plant and soil communities. However, we lack empirical evidence to understand the directionality of drivers of plant and soil communities under natural conditions: ‘Are soil microorganisms driving plant community functioning or do they adapt to the plant community?’ In a field experiment in an early successional dune ecosystem, we manipulated soil communities by adding living (i.e., natural microbial communities) and sterile soil inocula, originating from natural ecosystems, and examined the annual responses of soil and plant communities. The experimental manipulations had a persistent effect on the soil microbial community with divergent impacts for living and sterile soil inocula. The plant community was also affected by soil inoculation, but there was no difference between the impacts of living and sterile inocula. We also observed an increasing convergence of plant and soil microbial composition over time. Our results show that alterations in soil abiotic and biotic conditions have long‐term effects on the composition of both plant and soil microbial communities. Importantly, our study provides direct evidence that soil microorganisms are not “drivers” of plant community dynamics. We found that soil fungi and bacteria manifest different community assemblies in response to treatments. Soil fungi act as “passengers,” that is, soil microorganisms reflect plant community dynamics but do not alter it, whereas soil bacteria are neither “drivers” nor “passengers” of plant community dynamics in early successional ecosystems. These results are critical for understanding the community assembly of plant and soil microbial communities under natural conditions and are directly relevant for ecosystem management and restoration.

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Time after Time: Temporal Variation in the Effects of Grass and Forb Species on Soil Bacterial and Fungal Communities

Cited by 75 publications

References 77 publications

Plant community composition steers grassland vegetation via soil legacy effects

Plant community composition steers grassland vegetation via soil legacy effects

Effects of Neonicotinoid Seed Treatments on Phyllosphere and Soil Bacterial Communities Over Time

Fungal communities are passengers in community development of dune ecosystems, while bacteria are not

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