Interactive-mode circuit simulation and batch-mode circuit simulation on minicomputers are compared relative to the simulator architecture and required simulation speed. The more significant speed-and memory-dependent algorithms used in circuit simulators are compared in detail. Also compared are the execution speeds of several different minicomputer systems, including the HP2100, the PDP 11 /45, and the PRIME 400. The speed and memory requirements of these minicomputers executing BIAS-D are compared to an IBM 370/168 also executing BIAS-D. A new method for computing small-signal frequency response is introduced. Because complex arithmetic is not required, this technique is particularly suited to minicomputer simulators and requires minimal additional memory when implemented in a circuit simulator with a transient analysis capability. The frequency response of both linear and nonlinear circuits can be modeled, as can that of high-Q circuits. Magnitude and phase errors of less than 1 percent and 0.5 degrees, respectively, are easily attainable. Speed ratios between this technique and a conventional ac analysis vary depending on the circuit Q. For circuits with Q less than 1, this ratio is typically 10:1. UNCLASSIFIED