Recently,
neutral cyanurate acid and negative (iso-)cyanurates
(H
x
C3N3O3)(3–x)– (x = 0–2) with strong conjugated π-bonds
have been proposed as a new possible type of structural motifs for
exploring high-performance birefringent materials. Especially, ionic
cocrystals (ICCs) with neutral H3C3N3O3 molecules have attracted much attention due to their
extended ultraviolet transparent range and concurrently improved birefringence.
Herein, three ICC single crystals, RbCl·(H3C3N3O3)2 (I), CsCl·(H3C3N3O3)2 (II), and RbBr·(H3C3N3O3)2 (III), combining cyanurate
acid and alkali halides have been designed and synthesized in ethanol
solution. They simultaneously exhibit wide band gaps more than 5.4
eV, large birefringence (Δn
exp ≈
0.096–0.115, Δn
cal ≈
0.071–0.105 at 800 nm), and high thermal stability above 325
°C. In addition, theoretical calculations have also been performed
to evaluate the relationship of the molecular arrangement and their
anisotropic optical properties. This work suggests that cyanurate-based
cocrystals could be a promising structural family for the discovery
of ultraviolet birefringent crystals.