Tilt and translation motion perception during off-vertical axis rotation

Abstract

Acknowledgements: Philippe Tauzin of Service Commun Multimedia at the University PaulSabatier in Toulouse provided the artwork. We thank Pierre Denise for his contributions to the questions used for verbal reports of self motion perception. This research was funded by NASA (DSO 499) and Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales.https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20080026153 2018-05-09T23:17:50+00:00Z Motion perception during OVAR 2 ABSTRACTThe effect of stimulus frequency on tilt and translation motion perception was studied during constant velocity off vertical axis rotation (OVAR), and compared to the effect of stimulus frequency on eye movements. Fourteen healthy subjects were rotated in darkness about their longitudinal axis 10° and 20° off vertical at 0.125 Hz, and 20° off vertical at 0.5 Hz. Oculomotor responses were recorded using videography, and perceived motion was evaluated using verbal reports and a joystick with four degrees of freedom (pitch and roll tilt, medial lateral and anterior posterior translation). During the lower frequency OVAR, subjects reported the perception of progressing along the edge of a cone. During higher frequency OVAR, subjects During dynamic linear acceleration in the absence of other sensory input (canal, vision) a change in stimulus frequency alone elicits similar changes in the amplitude of both self motion perception and eye movements. However, in contrast to the eye movements, the phase of both perceived tilt and translation motion is not altered by stimulus frequency. We conclude that the neural processing to distinguish tilt and translation linear acceleration stimuli differs between eye movements and motion perception.

Vestibular effects on cerebral blood flow

“…Since similar findings were obtained during both centrifugation involving otolith cues and tilt stimuli involving otolith and canal cues, the changes in CBFV are therefore likely dependent on otolith stimulation in particular. 7 Consistent with previous studies, 15 12 Since the plane of the otolith maculae is tilted back about 20 deg relative to our upright position (Reid's baseline parallel to Earth-horizontal plane), the pitch forward tilts would bring the otoliths in a position of increased sensitivity whereas the pitch backward would bring them in a position of reduced sensitivity. 17 Regardless of the exact etiology of these responses, our data demonstrate the importance of vestibular inputs on the cerebral blood flow response to changes in position relative to gravity.…”

The role of GABAB receptors in the vestibular oculomotor system in mice

“…The modulation components arise predominantly through tilt vestibulo-ocular reflex (tVOR) orientation mechanisms [10-14, 41]. The effects of baclofen on amplitudes of horizontal and vertical modulations were further evaluated in eleven mice.…”

“…A direct disynaptic pathway also exists between the otolith afferents and the oculomotor neurons, however, a longer response time (>10 ms) of the tVOR implies that more polysynaptic connections are involved in the tVOR pathway [49-51]. The modulation components during otolith stimulation, which have head-position related properties, are induced through the tVOR pathways [10-14, 41]. In our study, together with aVOR gain, they were robust over the range of doses tested (Fig.…”

Influence of stimulus interval on the habituation of vestibulo-ocular reflex and sensation of rotation in humans

“…VOR is directly mediated by vestibular output, whereas perception of self-rotation is cortically processed. The lower level mechanism of VOR seems to be more prone to unidirectional habituation than the higher level processes that are involved in the perception of self-rotation [29].…”