Tilletia vankyi, a new species of reticulate-spored bunt fungus with non-conjugating basidiospores infecting species of Festuca and Lolium

Carris, L. M.; Castlebury, Lisa A.; Huang, Genghua; Alderman, S. C.; Luo, Jiafeng; Bao, Xiaodong

doi:10.1016/j.mycres.2007.09.008

Cited by 16 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Recent molecular analyses of different smut genera (Lutz et al 2005, Carris et al 2007, Vánky & Lutz 2007, Bauer et al 2008, Lutz et al 2008, Kemler et al 2009, Piątek et al 2011, Lutz et al 2012, Piątek et al 2012, Savchenko et al 2012) revealed that such polyphagous species are usually complexes of morphologically similar cryptic species that are often restricted to single host plant species. However, in the present study sequences were obtained only from specimens on Schoenus apogon , while repeated attempts to obtain sequences from specimens on two other hosts ( Schoenus pauciflorus , H.U.V.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shivasia gen. nov. for the Australasian smut Ustilago solida that historically shifted through five different genera

Lutz

Vánky²,

Piątek

2012

IMA Fungus

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The generic position of the enigmatic smut fungus Ustilago solida is evaluated applying molecular phylogenetic analyses using ITS and LSU rDNA sequences as well as light and scanning electron microscopical investigations of several collections of this species. Ustilago solida has previously been included in five different genera (Ustilago, Urocystis, Sorosporium, Cintractia, and Tolyposporium), however, molecular analyses revealed that this smut does not belong to any of these genera and represents a distinct ustilaginalean lineage. The closest known phylogenetic relative of Ustilago solida is Heterotolyposporium lepidospermatis, the type species of the monotypic genus Heterotolyposporium. Both smuts differ considerably in both LSU sequences and in several morphological traits, such as the structure of sori and the characteristics of spore balls. Accordingly, the new genus Shivasia is described to accommodate Ustilago solida. This smut infects different Schoenus species (Cyperaceae) in Australia and New Zealand. The description of Shivasia increases the number of endemic smut genera in Australasia to ten. Compared to all other continents the number of endemic smut genera is exceptionally high, which may point at fast evolving characters and/or may be caused by the regional history, including the long-term geographic isolation of Australasia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shivasia gen. nov. for the Australasian smut Ustilago solida that historically shifted through five different genera

Lutz

Vánky²,

Piątek

2012

IMA Fungus

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“…The three species are very closely related genetically and biologically, and cannot be accurately identified using ITS barcodes. While analyses based on ITS, EF1a and RPB2 showed variation among sequences for DB compared to CB, support was lacking and sampling was limited (Carris et al 2007). Importantly, T. controversa can cause major yield losses and is an internationally quarantined pathogen to prevent its entry to new areas (OEPP/EPPO 2016) and CB, which has been successfully controlled with chemical seed treatments for many years, has made a resurgence under lowinput and organic production (Borgen and Davanlou 2001;Matanguihan et al 2011;Župunski et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome sequencing and comparison of five Tilletia species to identify candidate genes for the detection of regulated species infecting wheat

et al. 2019

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Tilletia species cause diseases on grass hosts with some causing bunt diseases on wheat (Triticum). Two of the four species infecting wheat have restricted distributions globally and are subject to quarantine regulations to prevent their spread to new areas. Tilletia indica causes Karnal bunt and is regulated by many countries while the nonregulated T. walkeri is morphologically similar and very closely related phylogenetically, but infects ryegrass (Lolium) and not wheat. Tilletia controversa causes dwarf bunt of wheat (DB) and is also regulated by some countries, while the closely related but non-regulated species, T. caries and T. laevis, both cause common bunt of wheat (CB). Historically, diagnostic methods have relied on cryptic morphology to differentiate these species in subsamples from grain shipments. Of the DNA-based methods published so far, most have focused on sequence variation among tested strains at a single gene locus. To facilitate the development of additional molecular assays for diagnostics, we generated whole genome data for multiple strains of the two regulated wheat pathogens and their closest relatives. Depending on the species, the genomes were assembled into 907 to 4633 scaffolds ranging from 24 Mb to 30 Mb with 7842 to 9952 gene models predicted. Phylogenomic analyses confirmed the placement of Tilletia in the Exobasidiomycetes and showed that T. indica and T. walkeri were in one clade whereas T. controversa, T. caries and T. laevis grouped in a separate clade. Single copy and species-specific genes were identified by orthologous group analysis. Unique species-specific genes were identified and evaluated as suitable markers to differentiate the quarantine and non-quarantine species. After further analyses and manual inspection, primers and probes for the optimum candidate genes were designed and tested in silico, for validation in future wet-lab studies.

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“…Until recently, molecular studies in plant pathogenic smut fungi have relied primarily on the LSU and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of the nuclear rDNA to estimate evolutionary relationships (V anky & Lutz, 2007(V anky & Lutz, , 2010Bauer et al, 2008;Lutz et al, 2008Lutz et al, , 2012aKemler et al, 2009;Pia z tek et al, 2011Pia z tek et al, , 2012Pia z tek et al, , 2013aPia z tek et al, , b, 2015aSavchenko et al, 2014a). Fewer studies have incorporated additional gene regions, such as the TEF (Carris et al, 2007;Munkacsi et al, 2007;Bao et al, 2010;McTaggart et al, 2012), GAPDH (Munkacsi et al, 2007;McTaggart et al, 2012), ATP6 (Munkacsi et al, 2007), COX3 (Munkacsi et al, 2007) and RPB1 (Munkacsi et al, 2007). Nuclear genes that encode the two largest subunits of RNA polymerase II (RPB2) are proving useful to infer the phylogenies of organisms across the fungal kingdom (Hibbett et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nuclear genes that encode the two largest subunits of RNA polymerase II (RPB2) are proving useful to infer the phylogenies of organisms across the fungal kingdom (Hibbett et al, 2007). However, thus far only a few studies have used RPB2 for species delimitation in plant pathogenic smut fungi (Carris et al, 2007;Bao et al, 2010;Pia z tek et al, 2016). In this study, LSU was found to be too conservative with almost no differences between taxa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What causes flag smut of wheat?

et al. 2017

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The causal agent of flag smut of wheat is currently subject to strict quarantine regulations in many countries and is believed to have a wide host range on wild and cultivated grasses. This fungus has been classified as both Urocystis agropyri and Urocystis tritici. Urocystis agropyri was first described from Elymus repens in Germany and U. tritici was first described from Triticum vulgare (=T. aestivum). In 1953, G. W. Fischer placed U. tritici and a large number of other Urocystis species in synonymy with U. agropyri. The present study is the first attempt to clarify the taxonomy and phylogeny of flag smut pathogens of grasses using molecular analyses. Three loci, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA, the RNA polymerase II subunit 2 (RPB2), and translation elongation factor (TEF) protein‐coding regions were used for phylogenetic reconstruction to determine the species boundaries of 24 Urocystis specimens from triticoid hosts. Results indicate that there are several distinct lineages of flag smut pathogens, including the causal agent of flag smut of wheat, which is supported as a separate species, U. tritici. Sequences from specimens on E. repens, which are retained as U. agropyri, grouped in a clade distinct from those on wheat and rye. The closest relatives of U. tritici were found to be U. hispanica from Aegilops and Urocystis sp. from Thinopyrum junceiforme and Elymus trachycaulis. Recognition that U. tritici is genetically distinct from U. agropyri sensu stricto will impact regulatory policy and facilitate the development of diagnostic tests.

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Tilletia vankyi, a new species of reticulate-spored bunt fungus with non-conjugating basidiospores infecting species of Festuca and Lolium

Cited by 16 publications

References 13 publications

Shivasia gen. nov. for the Australasian smut Ustilago solida that historically shifted through five different genera

Shivasia gen. nov. for the Australasian smut Ustilago solida that historically shifted through five different genera

Genome sequencing and comparison of five Tilletia species to identify candidate genes for the detection of regulated species infecting wheat

What causes flag smut of wheat?

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