Tillage-induced effects on SOC through changes in aggregate stability and soil pore structure

Guo, Yafei; Fan, Ruqin; Zhang, Xiaoping; Zhang, Yan; Wu, Donghui; McLaughlin, Neil; Zhang, Shixiu; Chen, Xuewen; Jia, Shengyong; Liang, Aizhen

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134617

Cited by 71 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…It is well-known that conventional tillage increases SOC losses due to incorporating CR into the soil, thus increasing its exposure to microbial degradation. Moreover, tillage breaks macro-aggregates and exposes protected OM "inside the aggregates" to microbial decay [59,141]. Consequently, reducing soil disturbance can provide a potential to reduce SOC degradation by increasing its protection either inside the macro-aggregates or maintaining it on the soil surface [2,59,66,68,142].…”

Section: Effect Of Tillage On Socmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, tillage breaks macro-aggregates and exposes protected OM "inside the aggregates" to microbial decay [59,141]. Consequently, reducing soil disturbance can provide a potential to reduce SOC degradation by increasing its protection either inside the macro-aggregates or maintaining it on the soil surface [2,59,66,68,142]. This explanation has been supported by the significant increase in the portion of SOC inside macro-aggregates [26,59], wherein some estimates indicated that the most SOC (more than 75%) was stocked into macroaggregates [71,143].…”

Section: Effect Of Tillage On Socmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The projected increase in rainfall variability, on one hand, and evapotranspiration, on the other hand, are foreseen to decrease water availability and increase flood risk and drought frequency; therefore, crop productivity and yield stability are adversely affected [12,[19][20][21]. However, the consequences of climate change could be mitigated by Conservation agriculture and its components have been associated with many bene fits, including carbon (C) storing in the soil [22,26,48,52,[57][58][59][60][61][62][63], improved soil qualit [26,56,[64][65][66][67][68][69][70], decreasing runoff and soil erosion [2,[71][72][73][74], increasing water productivit [6,51,68,75,76], energy use efficiency [77,78], and, in some cases, higher yield and profita bility [6,[79][80][81]. Accordingly, CA has emerged as a promising approach and viable optio Conservation agriculture and its components have been associated with many benefits, including carbon (C) storing in the soil [22,26,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conservation Agriculture Effects on Soil Water Holding Capacity and Water-Saving Varied with Management Practices and Agroecological Conditions: A Review

et al. 2021

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Improving soil water holding capacity (WHC) through conservation agriculture (CA)-practices, i.e., minimum mechanical soil disturbance, crop diversification, and soil mulch cover/crop residue retention, could buffer soil resilience against climate change. CA-practices could increase soil organic carbon (SOC) and alter pore size distribution (PSD); thus, they could improve soil WHC. This paper aims to review to what extent CA-practices can influence soil WHC and water-availability through SOC build-up and the change of the PSD. In general, the sequestered SOC due to the adoption of CA does not translate into a significant increase in soil WHC, because the increase in SOC is limited to the top 5–10 cm, which limits the capacity of SOC to increase the WHC of the whole soil profile. The effect of CA-practices on PSD had a slight effect on soil WHC, because long-term adoption of CA-practices increases macro- and bio-porosity at the expense of the water-holding pores. However, a positive effect of CA-practices on water-saving and availability has been widely reported. Researchers attributed this positive effect to the increase in water infiltration and reduction in evaporation from the soil surface (due to mulching crop residue). In conclusion, the benefits of CA in the SOC and soil WHC requires considering the whole soil profile, not only the top soil layer. The positive effect of CA on water-saving is attributed to increasing water infiltration and reducing evaporation from the soil surface. CA-practices’ effects are more evident in arid and semi-arid regions; therefore, arable-lands in Sub-Sahara Africa, Australia, and South-Asia are expected to benefit more. This review enhances our understanding of the role of SOC and its quantitative effect in increasing water availability and soil resilience to climate change.

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Section: Effect Of Tillage On Socmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Tillage On Socmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conservation Agriculture Effects on Soil Water Holding Capacity and Water-Saving Varied with Management Practices and Agroecological Conditions: A Review

et al. 2021

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“…Important soil processes take place in the pores [ 11 , 12 ]. A comprehensive numerical analysis is presented in [ 13 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of deep learning for structural analysis of computer tomography images of soil samples

et al. 2021

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Soil samples from several European countries were scanned using medical computer tomography (CT) device and are now available as CT images. The analysis of these samples was carried out using deep learning methods. For this purpose, a VGG16 network was trained with the CT images (X). For the annotation (y) a new method for automated annotation, ‘surrogate’ learning, was introduced. The generated neural networks (NNs) were subjected to a detailed analysis. Among other things, transfer learning was used to check whether the NN can also be trained to other y-values. Visually, the NN was verified using a gradient-based class activation mapping (grad-CAM) algorithm. These analyses showed that the NN was able to generalize, i.e. to capture the spatial structure of the soil sample. Possible applications of the models are discussed.

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“…Conservation tillage systems increased in use from 5.3 to 106 million ha between 1990 and 2009 ( Kassam et al, 2009 ). Research has shown that conservation tillage can improve soil structures ( Eden et al, 2020 ), SOC contents ( Guo et al, 2020 ), and water retention capacities ( He et al, 2009 ; Yang et al, 2020 ), reduce wind ( Gao et al, 2016 ) and water ( Bertol et al, 2003 ) erosion, and improve the physical properties of soils ( Khan et al, 2017 ). Currently, conservation tillage is widely used around the world, and in some areas of China, NT and subsoiling (SS) are especially common.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subsoiling increases aggregate-associated organic carbon, dry matter, and maize yield on the North China Plain

Shen

Zhang

Cui

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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Background Soil degradation is one of the main problems in agricultural production and leads to decreases in soil quality and productivity. Improper farming practices speed this process and are therefore not conducive to food security. The North China Plain (NCP) is a key agricultural area that greatly influences food security in China. To explore the effects of different tillage measures on aggregate-associated organic carbon (AOC), the accumulation and transport of dry matter, and maize yield, and to identify the most suitable tillage method for use on the NCP, a field experiment was conducted at Shandong Agricultural University from 2016–2017 using plots that have been farmed using conservation tillage since 2002. Methods In this study, Zhengdan 958 summer maize was used as the test material and undisturbed soil and plant samples were obtained under four tillage methods—no-tillage (NT, tillage depth: 0 cm); rotary tillage (RT, tillage depth: 10 cm); conventional tillage (CT, tillage depth: 20 cm); subsoiling (SS, tillage depth: 40 cm)—which were used to determine the AOC and dry matter contents, as well as the yields of two summer maize growing seasons. Each sample was replicated three times and the AOC content was determined via potassium dichromate oxidation colorimetry. Potassium dichromate oxidized organic carbon in organic matter was employed to reduce hexadecent chromium into green trivalent chromium. Colorimetry was then used to determine the amount of reduced trivalent chromium and calculate the organic matter content. Results The resulting data were statistically analyzed and the results showed that, compared with CT, the AOC contents with NT and SS increased by 5.65% and 9.73%, respectively, while that with RT decreased by 0.12%. Conventional tillage resulted in the highest mean dry matter weight when the maize reached maturity, which was 19.19%, 9.83%, and 3.38% higher than those achieved using NT, RT, and SS, respectively. No significant difference was found between CT and SS treatments, both of which tended to increase the accumulation of dry matter as well as its contribution of assimilates to grain yield post-anthesis. Compared with CT, the mean yield increased at a rate of 0.18% with SS, while yields declined at rates of 17.17% and 11.15 with NT and RT, respectively. The yield with NT was the lowest, though the harvest indices with NT and SS were higher than those with RT and CT. Overall, SS increased the accumulation of dry matter and its contribution of assimilates to grain yields post-anthesis, as well as the AOC content and yields, making it the ideal tillage method for the NCP.

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Tillage-induced effects on SOC through changes in aggregate stability and soil pore structure

Cited by 71 publications

References 51 publications

Conservation Agriculture Effects on Soil Water Holding Capacity and Water-Saving Varied with Management Practices and Agroecological Conditions: A Review

Conservation Agriculture Effects on Soil Water Holding Capacity and Water-Saving Varied with Management Practices and Agroecological Conditions: A Review

Use of deep learning for structural analysis of computer tomography images of soil samples

Subsoiling increases aggregate-associated organic carbon, dry matter, and maize yield on the North China Plain

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